tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43322778194164809252024-03-08T11:03:16.690-08:00Pay for essay writingReseach Paper Topics For Mesopatamiaclubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-5130400870782906612020-08-23T01:07:00.001-07:002020-08-23T01:07:28.698-07:00Finance Case StudyTeacher: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (arrangements) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The a wide range of sorts of obligation It was one of Morseââ¬â¢s most perplexing cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the imperious CEO of Thorndike Oil, was discovered dead in a pool of blood on his room floor. He had been shot through the head, however the entryway and windows were rushed within and there was no indication of the homicide weapon. Morse searched futile for signs in Thorndikeââ¬â¢s office.He needed to take another tack. He chose to explore the money related conditions encompassing Thorndikeââ¬â¢s downfall. The companyââ¬â¢s capital structure was as per the following: â⬠¢ 5% debentures: $250 million presumptive worth. The securities developed in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. â⬠¢ Stock: 30 million offers, which shut at $9 an offer the day preceding the homicide. Recently Thorndike had straight dismissed a proposal by T. Spoone Dickens to purchase the entirety of the normal stock for $10 an offer. With Thorndike off the beaten path, it gave the idea that Dickensââ¬â¢s offer would be acknowledged, mush to the benefit of Thorndike Oilââ¬â¢s different shareholders[1].Thorndikeââ¬â¢s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had significant interests in Thorndike Oil and had sharply couldn't help contradicting Thorndikeââ¬â¢s excusal of Dickensââ¬â¢s offer. Their stakes are appeared in the accompanying table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All obligation gave by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face esteem if Dickensââ¬â¢s offer experienced. Morse continued returning to the issue of thought process. Which niece or nephew, he pondered remained to inc rease most by disposing of Thorndike and permitting Dickensââ¬â¢s offer to succeed? Assist Morse with illuminating the case. Which of Thorndikeââ¬â¢s family members remained to increase most from his passing? Arrangements THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKEMinicase arrangement, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, ninth Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the body was expelled, police overseers came to tidy the room for fingerprints. Morse realized they would discover nothing. He strolled down the marble flight of stairs of Rupert Thorndikeââ¬â¢s house and into the framed library. He sat at a table before the chimney, barely seeing the composition over it, Monetââ¬â¢s representation of the amazing John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his PC. Thorndike Oil had three classes of protections remarkable: $250 million of ebentures (face esteem), 30 million offers, and an issue of subjected convertible notes. Morse needed to ascertain the adjustm ent in the estimation of every security since Thorndike was gone, and given the now close certain obtaining of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morseââ¬â¢s results. The notes sum up his thinking. With Table 1 close by, it was anything but difficult to ascertain the increments in esteem because of the homicide and coming about obtaining. Obligation expanded by 39. 5% of assumed worth. Regular stock expanded by $1. 00 for every offer, and every convertible note expanded from 103. 5% to 110% of assumed worth (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse added the additions to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). At that point he went after his phone and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | |60. % of presumptive worth |100% of assumed worth | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible notes |103. 95% of |110% of | |face esteem |face esteem |Notes 1. Obligation, previously: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for a long time, in addition to reimbursement of assumed worth (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million presumptive worth, or $151. 25 million. Obligation, after: basically hazard free. The obligation will be reimbursed quite promptly and should exchange near assumed worth. The addition in advertise esteem is 1 â⬠. 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of presumptive worth. 2. Offers: Share cost increments from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion esteem before is 110 offers at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were exchanging at 5% over transformation worth, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will change over before the takeover, getting 110? 10 = $1,100. (On the off chance that they donââ¬â¢t convert, they get just $1,000. ) as such, the notes increment by 110 â⬠103. 95 = 6. 05% of presumptive worth. Thorndike Oil Table 2 Who Gained M ost? (Figures in millions) | |Doris |John |Patsy | |Debt |$1. 8 |0 |(. 395? 4) | |Stock |$1. 2 |$0. 5 |$1. | |(1. 00 ? 1. 2) |(1. 00 ? .5) |(1. 00 ? 1. 5) | |Convertible notes |0 |$0. 3025 |$0. 1815 |(. 0605 ? 5) |(. 0605 ? ) | |___________ |_________ | |Total |$2. 78 |$0. 8025 |$1. 6815 | ââ¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬Ã¢â¬ [1] Rupert Thorndikeââ¬â¢s offers would go to an altruistic establishment shaped to propel the investigation of budgetary building and its critical job in world harmony and progress. The administrators of the foundationââ¬â¢s enrichment were not expected to contradict the takeover. Fund Case Study Educator: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (arrangements) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The a wide range of sorts of obligation It was one of Morseââ¬â¢s most astounding cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the despotic CEO of Thorndike Oil, was discovered dead in a pool of blood on his room floor. He had been shot through the head, however the entryway and windows were rushed within and there was no indication of the homicide weapon. Morse searched futile for hints in Thorndikeââ¬â¢s office.He needed to take another tack. He chose to research the monetary conditions encompassing Thorndikeââ¬â¢s death. The companyââ¬â¢s capital structure was as per the following: â⬠¢ 5% debentures: $250 million assumed worth. The securities developed in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. â⬠¢ Stock: 30 million offers, which shut at $9 an offer the day preceding the homicide. Recently Thorndike had straight dismissed a proposal by T. Spoone Dickens to purchase the entirety of the normal stock for $10 an offer. With Thorndike off the beaten path, it gave the idea that Dickensââ¬â¢s offer would be acknowledged, mush to the benefit of Thorndike Oilââ¬â¢s different shareholders[1].Thorndikeââ¬â¢s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had significant interests in Thorndike Oil and had sharply couldn't help contradicting Thorndikeââ¬â¢s excusal of Dickensââ¬â¢s offer. Their stakes are appeared in the accompanying table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All obligation gave by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face esteem if Dickensââ¬â¢s offer experienced. Morse continued returning to the issue of thought process. Which niece or nephew, he pondered remained to increase most by wiping out Thorndike and permitting Dickensââ¬â¢s offer to succeed? Assist Morse with understanding the case. Which of Thorndikeââ¬â¢s family members remained to increase most from his passing? Arrangements THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKEMinicase arrangement, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, ninth Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the cadaver was expelled, police assessors came to clean the room for fingerprints. Morse realized they would discover nothing. He strolled down the marble flight of stairs of Rupert Thorndikeââ¬â¢s house and into the framed library. He sat at a table before the chimney, hardly seeing the work of art over it, Monetââ¬â¢s representation of the amazing John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his PC. Thorndike Oil had three classes of protections remarkable: $250 million of ebentures (face esteem), 30 million offers, and an issue of subjected convertible notes. Morse needed to compute the adjustment in the estimation of every security since Thorndike was gone, and given the now close certain procurement of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morseââ¬â¢s results. The notes sum up his thinking. With Table 1 close by, it was anything but difficult to ascertain the increments in esteem because of the homicide and coming about procurement. Obligation expanded by 39. 5% of presumptive worth. Basic stock expanded by $1. 00 for each offer, and every convertible note expanded from 103. 5% to 110% of presumptive worth (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse added the additions to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). At that point he went after his wireless and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | |60. % of presumptive worth |100% of assumed worth | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible not es |103. 95% of |110% of | |face esteem |face esteem |Notes 1. Obligation, previously: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for a long time, in addition to reimbursement of presumptive worth (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million presumptive worth, or $151. 25 million. Obligation, after: basically hazard free. The obligation will be reimbursed quite promptly and should exchange near assumed worth. The addition in advertise esteem is 1 â⬠. 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of assumed worth. 2. Offers: Share cost increments from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion esteem before is 110 offers at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were exchanging at 5% over transformation worth, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will change over before the takeover, accepting 110? 10 = $1,100. (In the event that they donââ¬â¢t convert, they get just $1,000. ) at the end of the day, the notes in clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-89847089306323709342020-08-21T22:49:00.001-07:002020-08-21T22:49:22.300-07:00Autonomhy in healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 wordsAutonomhy in human services - Essay Example Donchin scrutinized Engelhardt way to deal with self-rule and noticed that the force and authority of doctors to go about as guards choosing contender for non-remedial elective methodology raised the distinctive arrangement of issues about constraining patient self-rule. Tauber takes note of that patients lose their capacity to settle on free decisions since they are rarely completely educated. In his discernment, by utilizing the term of satisfactory comprehension, the patients themselves perceive the restrictions of their opportunity and are increasingly worried about the way toward mending and independence is somewhat the desire of the restoring procedure. Verkerk and Keller dissected patient self-governance with regards to mind point of view or feministic approach. The patient consideration is centered around turning out to be progressively dynamic and submitted parental figures as opposed to receiving the non-impedance disposition and regard of patient self-governance. The perfect of self-sufficiency as far as freedom and independence is condemned, while the possibility of association is stressed. Dworkin, in actuality, has secured the issue of self-rule from alternate points of view beginning with the Kantian idea of self-administration and com pletion with the feministic way to deal with self-governance. Despite the fact that Dworkin doesn't utilize the word self-sufficiency in his works, while talking about treating individuals similarly he is contending for the equivalent regard for the independence of individuals. For instance, as indicated by his liberal hypothesis of correspondence, the political choices ought to be liberated from any origination of easy street in light of the fact that the originations of individuals are extraordinary and the legislature will be not able to regard residents as equivalents on the off chance that one origination is want to other. Therefore, independence is a likeness freedom, self-rule, trustworthiness, uniqueness, and self-information (6). Dworkin contends that self-rule isn't a similar idea as freedom. For instance, if the specialist clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-79631667813328473882020-07-09T19:46:00.001-07:002020-07-09T19:46:02.100-07:00Accepteds 10-Year Anniversary I promised a screen shot of Accepted.com in 1996 and here it is. I feel like Im displaying my high school year book picture. How dorky and dated can you get? Fortunately, Accepted.com wasnt created to advise on graphics or web design. Its mission was, is, and will be to enable applicants to achieve their dreams by helping them present themselves at their best in their applications. Over the July 4 weekend in 1996 I uploaded this first version of Accepted.com, which I had painstakingly programmed myself using a piece of shareware called Hotdog. Today, the Accepted.com staff, professional webmaster, and I look back on a decade of growth and success advising applicants to graduate and professional schools. We would like to thank each and every one of you Acceptees all who have used our services, purchased our products, taken advantage of the free articles on the site, subscribed to our free monthly admissions newsletter, and/or participated in admissions chats and teleseminars. To celebrate ten years on the web, we are taking 19.96% off the price of all our ebooks and CDs thru July 8, 2006. We rarely discount all our info products. So grab the opportunity to acquire insightful admissions help, save money, and celebrate Accepted.coms first decade on the web . clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-10487150553819731712020-05-19T23:09:00.001-07:002020-05-19T23:09:05.531-07:00Lord of the Flies - 3107 Words Lord of the Flies William Golding In Between the Modern and the Postmodern Content: 1. Fragments chosen.............................................................................. 2. In Between the Modern and the Postmodern - essey........................ 3. Questions.............................................................................................. 4. Bibliography........................................................................................ [ ... ] The reef enclosed more than one side of the island, lying perhaps a mile out and parallel to what they now thought of as their beach. The coral was scribbled in the sea as though a giant had bent down to reproduce the shape of the island in aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The painted savages in Chapter 12 who have hunted, tortured, and killed animals and human beings are a far cry from the guileless children swimming in the lagoon in Chapter 3. But Golding does not portray this loss of innocence as something that is done to the children; rather, it results naturally from their increasing openness to the innate evil and savagery that has always existed within them. Golding implies that civilization can mitigate but never wipe out the innate evil that exists within all human beings. The forest glade in which Simon sits in Chapter 3 symbolizes this loss of innocence. At first, it is a place of natural beauty and peace, but when Simon returns later in the novel, he discovers the bloody sowââ¬â¢s head impaled upon a stake in the middle of the clearing. The bloody offering to the beast has disrupted the paradise that existed beforeââ¬âa powerful symbol of innate human evil disrupting childhood innocence. Biblical Parallels Many critics have characterized Lord of the Flies as a retelling of episodes from the Bible. While that description may be an oversimplification, the novel does echo certain Christian images and themes. Golding does not make any explicit or direct connections to Christian symbolism in Lord of theShow MoreRelatedThe Lord Of The Flies1262 Words à |à 6 Pages2015 Lord of the Flies Research Paper Evils are what drive all of the negative things in society. Characteristics of evil are all around us in our everyday lives. political leaders, celebrities, People we idolize show characteristics of evil. Even small insignificant roles in society hold certain evils in their motives. Throughout this story these evils were for once boldly stated for all to understand. The games the boys play,the fire they set, and their rescue, in the Lord of the flies showsRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies1468 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Lord of the Flies tells the story of a group of English schoolboys marooned on a tropical island after their plane is shot down during a war. Though the novel is fictional, its exploration of the idea of human evil is at least partly based on Goldingââ¬â¢s experience with the real-life violence and brutality of World War II. Free from the rules and structures of civilization and society, the boys on the island in Lord of the Flies descend into savagery. Goldingââ¬â¢ s experience in World War II had aRead More Lord of the Flies1827 Words à |à 8 Pageswhich desire to follow through with. William Goldingââ¬â¢s Lord of the Flies and John Polsonââ¬â¢s Hide and Seek are two prime examples that demonstrate the conflict between civilised behaviour and savagery through their charactersââ¬â¢ cultured manners, savage impulses and struggles as they decide who they really are as people. The instinct to follow rules and act in a civilised manner is highlighted throughout the first four chapters of Lord of the Flies, but is especially perceptible in the boysââ¬â¢ behaviourRead MoreLord of the Flies1669 Words à |à 7 PagesLord Of The Flies Summary [pic] |Lord Of The Flies Summary - The Island | |Lord of the Flies is set during World War 2 on a tropical island in the Coral Sea. A group of boys survive a plane crash and are| |left stranded on a deserted island with no adults. At first the boys cling to the principles and laws they were taught during | |their upbringing. They call a meeting where they establish rules,Read MoreLord of the Flies642 Words à |à 3 PagesThe book Lord of the Flies shows us how humans act when there is a weakly constructed system of power. We see how a group of civilized young men change into a bunch of crazy animalistic beasts over a very short period of time when there is no one who is ââ¬Å"aboveâ⬠them to order them around and set rules. In The Hunger Games we see a society of people grouped into districts who follow the strict rules of the capital. If you question the capital or disobey one rule or show any sign of treasonRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies1262 Words à |à 6 Pages2015 Lord of the Flies Research Paper Evils are what drive all of the negative things in society. Characteristics of evil are all around us in our everyday lives. political leaders, celebrities, People we idolize show characteristics of evil. Even small insignificant roles in society hold certain evils in their motives. Throughout this story these evils were for once boldly stated for all to understand. The games the boys play,the fire they set, and their rescue, in the Lord of the flies showsRead MoreLord of the Flies2048 Words à |à 9 PagesIn William Goldingââ¬â¢s Lord of the Flies, symbols are illustrated through people, objects, and colors. In this novel, a group of children are faced with the difficulty of living isolated from society after their plane crashes on a deserted island. With no formal civilization, parents, or rules, the kids have the freedom to do as they choose. Throughout the novel, the boys find and use objects on the island that symbolize something of different importance. In Lord of the Flie s, William Golding usesRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies1385 Words à |à 6 PagesLord of the Flies In a life or death situation, desperate people resort to drastic measures. Some people were taught how to survive in brutal situations while others were never taught how to hunt if they were lost in the forest. In this life itââ¬â¢s either we know how to survive in a life or death situation or we learn as we go and do everything possible to stay alive. It is normal for people to experience immoral behavior due to the environment they are in and there is not much that can be done. IRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies1111 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Lord of the Flies Research Project While the World War II was in act, Adolf Hitler once incited ââ¬Å"You only have to kick in the door, and the whole rotten structure will come crashing downâ⬠(Adolf Hitler). The structure coming down symbolizes the fact that the boysââ¬â¢ structure of order, and civilization came crashing down as well. This is found throughout the book. Adolf Hitler is known for his dictatorship, his exquisite leadership skills, and violent warfares.. He uncovered that leadership skillsRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies2105 Words à |à 9 PagesBefore starting The Lord of the Flies, a lone question that summed up the entire book was proposed: Are humans good or evil? Though it may not seem like a puzzling question at first, everything inside, and outside of the book makes it more complicated. If we are evil, then everyone would be turned against everyone else from the start, and if we are good, we would always be for everyone else at the beginning. Neither is present in the real world, bring up the question, what is humanityââ¬â¢s true goal clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-10805142796451397382020-05-06T22:42:00.001-07:002020-05-06T22:42:38.412-07:00America Is Failing By The Declaration Of Independence America is failing. The very foundation and core beliefs that we hold so dear are a distant speck to our reality. This land is supposed to be rife with opportunities for success. But instead, most find themselves at a disadvantage from the beginning, and burdened by the weight of their expenses. Millions of Americans struggle to put food on the table, pay off debts from a higher education, afford healthcare for themselves and their family, and live comfortably. As proclaimed by the Declaration of Independence, donââ¬â¢t we all have the right to ââ¬Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happinessâ⬠? So then, what is the answer? How do we assist our citizens and revive the American dream? Well, some argue that we need to alter the very fabric of ourâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦(2) There also exist opportunities for private wealth and ownership. Essentially, socialism is a less extreme version of communism. In the 2016 presidential race, the nation responded with shock and heat ed discourse over the candidate Bernie Sanders, an admitted democratic socialist. But this concept is not new to America, in fact it has been present since the early 20th century. We even have socialist programs existing today such as Medicare and Social Security. Those who support this ideology argue that a government of the people must provide basic necessities as well as equitable opportunities such as higher education, healthcare, and child care to its citizens. These all seem like fair and beneficial requests of citizens for their government. However, it still receives high criticisms and objections amongst Americans. That is because capitalism is considered a staple of the U.S. We value our individuality, our free market, and our opportunities for social mobility. That, after all, is the very idea of the American dream. Unfortunately, that dream is often crushed by the harsh realities of inequality, discrimination, and social class. The gap between the rich and the poor is wid ening rapidly, with 51.4% of income earned annually going to the richest 20% (3). The middle class is disappearing, the poor are getting poorer, and the rich are profiting. This leads many to the conclusion that a new political and economic system is the answer clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-49748660849129810622020-05-06T07:05:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:05:09.539-07:00Food Disorders Essay Example For Students Food Disorders Essay Food DisordersThroughout recorded history and even before, mankind has suffered from a variety of illnesses and ailments. Whether it be from viruses, bacterium, or from the person himself, diseases and other disorders continue to take their toll, both physically and mentally. Among these disorders, one might find it unusual to find that even the very act of eating can sometimes be harmful to oneself. Compulsive overeating, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa are disorders that do not receive much of the media spotlight: nevertheless, these are serious enough to warrant medical care, since if left untreated, the patients succumb to the disorder or to one of many related side effects. These eating disorders combined affect about five million people in the United States alone, and of that number, about one percent of men and five percent of adolescent and adult women have anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. What is even more compelling is that fifteen percent of young women have unhealthy or disordered eating patterns that, in time, could lead to severe health problems. As if these statistics were not sobering enough, about one thousand women die from anorexia nervosa each year (http://www. mirror-miror.org/symptoms.htm). Research has proven that there is no single group of people afflicted with these disorders. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive overeating can strike anyone, no matter their ethnicity, sex, or age. Other illnesses can bring about eating disorders, but more often than not their origin is somewhat uncertain. What one can be certain of is that these diseases can be cured, although, not without the disorder taking its toll on the body. Grants and funds have been set up for the education of people about eating disorders and to provide help and support, such as the Elisa Ruth McCall Memorial Endowment Fund, established in memory of Elisa McCall, who at age 20 died from an eating disorder (http://www. mirror-miror.org/symptoms.htm).Anorexia nervosa is probably the easiest to spot of the three major eating disorders. It was also one of the first to be recorded, as early as 1649, by an English physician. However, it was not until the 1870ââ¬â¢s that a Parisian neurologist again described the disorder and a British physician gave it its current name (http://ndmda.org/eating.htm). At first, it was thought to be related to the endocrine system and was treated with thyroid extracts, which did not help. Anorexia nervosa was thought to be a rare disease, but in the early 1980ââ¬â¢s it became widely known as a result of the death of Karen Carpenter, a popular singer. Some of the warning signs and symptoms of anorexia nervosa are a very rapid and noticeable weight loss, excessive exercise, unusual eating habits, and of complaining about oneââ¬â¢s weight, even when it is within reasonable limits. Fatigue and muscle weakness are brought about by the decrease in food consumption. Evidence of excessive use of laxatives, enemas, diet pills, or frequent vomiting are other signs of the disorder, as are depression, irritability, mood swings, or dizziness. People that suffer from the disorder often wear baggy clothing to hide their weight loss. In women, the loss of the menstrual pattern or an irregular pattern are often signs of the disorder. Other symptoms are headaches, a pale complexion, and cold spells. Curiously, the absence of appetite is very rare until the later stages of the disease. Another symptom is lowered hormonal levels in the patient, very often thyroid suppression (http://www.mirror-mirror.org/def. htm). Factors that could be the precipitating causes of the disease are most likely to be social and psychological, although biological factors could indicate a predisposition towards the disease. In the Unites States and other Western societies, there is much emphasis on a woman being thin to be considered attractive and desirable. That is supposed to be the main culprit in the development of this disorder. A Scandal in Bohemia was written by Sir Arthur Con Essayorg/eating.htm). Compulsive overeating is another of the food disorders many people suffer from. It is generally characterized by uncontrollable eating and weight gain (http://www. mirror-mirror.org/phymed.num). The main goal of compulsive eaters is to escape from problems, or to cope with emotions or stress. The people suffering from this disorder do realize they have a problem. Usually the problem starts in a personââ¬â¢s early years as a result of never learning how to handle stressful situations(http://www.mirror-mirror.org/def. htm). Dieting does not help, since they usually fail, and in doing so, often bring on another eating binge. As of today, this problem is not taken as seriously as anorexia and bulimia. Therapy and counseling could be effective in dealing with this problem. Of course, not every person that completes the treatment will go on and be cured of it forever. Every so often a person will fall into the cycle again, but that person does not have to continue in it. Discussion of the relapse with the therapist is recommended. Punishing oneself after a relapse is discouraged. When one does relapse, think about how it happened and the steps that led to it. The underlying issues of the disorder must be dealt with even if one is already eating normally (http://www.mirror-miror.org/symptoms. htm). Eating disorders can be overcome if the person suffering from it seeks the needed help, since most people will not admit to the problem, either because they believe they do not have a problem or because they are too afraid to admit it. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are now being treated for serious disorders, but compulsive overeating is still not being classified as a serious disorder. These three disorders combined are taking their toll on people of all ages and their families. (http://www.mirror-mirror.org/def.htm) (http://www. mirror-mirror.org/phymed.num) (http://ndmda.org/eating. htm) (http://www.smu.edu/~eating_disorders/body.html) (http://www. mirror-miror.org/symptoms.htm) Bibliography. (http://www.mirror-mirror.org/def.htm) (http://www.mirror-mirror.org/phymed.num) (http://ndmda.org/eating.htm) (http://www.smu.edu/~eating_disorders/body.html) (http://www.mirror-miror.org/symptoms.htm) Sports and Games clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-665963809745401902020-04-22T18:37:00.001-07:002020-04-22T18:37:02.410-07:00The Rise Of The UFW Essay Research free essay sample The Rise Of The UFW Essay, Research Paper UFW History The Rise of the UFW For over a century farmworkers had been denied equal life in the Fieldss of California. Farmworkers were necessary to the biggest industry of the province, but merely if workers remained concerted and obedient. Many had tried but failed to organize the farmworkers. By the early 1960 # 8217 ; s things were get downing to revolutionise. Within two decennaries more over 50,000 farmworkers were signed under brotherhood contractsi. The Bracero plan, an understanding between the United States and Mexican authoritiess, became Public Law 78 in 1951. The plan to supply Mexican agricultural workers to agriculturists. Public Law 78 stated that no bracero, a impermanent worker imported from Mexico, could replace an American worker. However, the jurisprudence was seldom enforced. Agriculturists wanted the Bracero plan to prevail after World War II because they wanted to replace domestic workers. A little but active National Farm Labor Union, led by Ernesto Galarza, wanted to make a permanent California farmworkers brotherhood in the 1940 # 8217 ; s and 50 # 8217 ; s. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise Of The UFW Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page /Farmworkers, guided by Cesar Chavez, were able mass meeting up other brotherhoods. In churches and community groups, workers allied with the turning civil rights motion to derive adequate support on politicians to stop the Bracero Program by 1964. But many things were unable to alter. Grape choosers in 1965 were doing an norm of $ .90/hour, plus 10 cents per basket picked. Agriculturists ignored province Torahs sing working criterions. At a spread, workers were forced to pay a one-fourth for a cup of H2O. No spreads had portable field lavatories. Workers # 8217 ; impermanent lodging was divided by race, and they paid two dollars or more per twenty-four hours for hovels with no indoor plumbing or cookery installations. Farm labour contractors played favourites with workers, choosing friends foremost, sometimes accepting payoffs. Child labour was rampant, and many workers were injured or died in easy preventable accidents. The mean life anticipation of a farmworker was 49 old ages old. Two organisations attempted to stand for and form the farmworkers. One had been formed in 1959 by the AFL? CIO, called the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee. It was an subdivision of an earlier farmworker organisation, the Agricultural Workers Association ( AWA ) . AWOC was largely composed of Filipinos, Chicanos, Anglos and Black workers. The Filipino workers in peculiar had experience forming brotherhoods in the Fieldss and with work stoppages. Two of its early leaders were Larry Itliong, a Filipino, and Dolores Huerta, a Chicana. The National Farm Workers Association ( NFWA ) was started by a immature Chicano named Cesar Chavez in 1962. Chavez had become the CSO? s national manager. CSO worked with communities to work out jobs through forming and direct action. But when CSO refused to concentrate its attempts on forming farmworkers, Chavez left to establish the NFWA. From his base in Delano, he traveled for three old ages from town to town in the cardinal vales of California, run intoing with groups of farmworkers in their places, constructing an organisation he hoped would one twenty-four hours go an effectual brotherhood. His cofounder was Dolores Huerta, one of the CSO # 8217 ; s farmworker militants. Two work stoppages occurred in 1965. Eighty-five farmworkers in a McFarland rose farm asked the NFWA to assist them derive a pay addition. Assisted by Chavez and Huerta, the workers struck. After a few yearss the agriculturists agreed to the pay addition but non to brotherhood acknowledgment. The workers contented themselves with the money and returned to work. Around the same clip AWOC led a work stoppage of 100s of Filipino and Mexican grape choosers in Coachella Valley. Although the bracero plan had officially ended the twelvemonth earlier, a new U.S. ? Mexico understanding allowed agriculturists to import Mexican workers, if they were paid $ 1.25 an hr, and neer paid more than domestic workers. When Coachella grape agriculturists attempted to pay the local workers less than the imported workers, the Filipinos, many of whom were AWOC members, refused to work. Geting the grapes picked and to market rapidly is important to the Coachella agriculturists # 8217 ; net incomes. After 10 yearss the agriculturists decided to pay everyone $ 1.25 per hr, including Chicanos who had joined the Filipinos. However, no brotherhood contract was signed. At the terminal of summer, many of the farmworkers from the successful Coachella action had come up to Delano, draging the grape crop. Farmworkers demanded $ 1.25 per hr, and when they didn # 8217 ; t have it, on September 8 nine farms were struck, organized by AWOC # 8217 ; s Larry Itliong. After five yearss agriculturists began to convey in Chicano strikebreaker from the environing country. AWOC approached Chavez and asked the NFWA to fall in the largely Filipino work stoppage. At a meeting on September 16, packed with 100s of workers, the NFWA voted nem con to strike excessively. Chavez was discerning. Asked subsequently when he felt his organisation, which had $ 100 in its bank history, would hold been ready to travel out on a large work stoppage. In joinin g the work stoppage, the NFWA, with many more members than AWOC, took the lead. It besides strengthened the cultural make up of the work stoppage: now the bulk of workers involved were Chicano. By September 20 more than 30 farms were out, with several thousand workers go forthing the Fieldss. Despite the big Numberss of striking farmworkers, nevertheless, the workers could non rally lookout lines at all the spreads at the same time. There were many Fieldss strung across 100s of stat mis. NFWA and AWOC set up a system of rolling lookouts, with different Fieldss picketed each twenty-four hours. Fifteen or 20 autos full of lookouts would travel to a field where a agriculturist was trying to utilize scabs. Striking workers, frequently harassed by the agriculturists and constabularies, sometimes violently, would seek to acquire the strikebreaker to go forth the Fieldss. Unusually, their entreaties were successful much of the clip in carrying workers to fall in the work stoppage. The agriculturists made a error about instantly. They had ever been able to stop work stoppages with little pay grants. Soon after the work stoppage began, they raised rewards to $ 1.25 per hr. This clip they were shocked to detect it wasn # 8217 ; t plenty. The rise simply encouraged the strikers to believe they were being effectual. Now there had to be a brotherhood, excessively. Shortly after the work stoppage erupted, Chavez called upon the populace to boycott from purchasing grapes without a brotherhood label. Union voluntaries were sent out to large metropoliss, where they established boycott centres that organized friendly groups-unions, churches, community organizations-to non purchase grapes, and in bend to fall in in publicising the boycott. The two biggest agriculturists in the Delano country, Schenley and DiGiorgio, were the most vulnerable to the boycott. Both companies were owned by corporate entities with central offices far from Delano. For each company grape growth was a comparatively minor portion of a larger economic imperium. Schenley and DiGiorgio had brotherhood contracts with workers in many other parts of their concern. The boycott had the possible to ache gross revenues in other merchandise countries, and to harm labour dealingss with their other workers. Schenley was the first to give in to the work stoppage. Soon after the work stoppage began Schenley had sprayed striking workers with agricultural toxicants. In protest the NFWA organized a March to Sacramento. Seventy strikers left Delano and began a March on March 17, 1966, led by Chavez. They walked about 340 stat mis in 25 yearss. Along the manner they rallied with 1000s of people. Arriving in Sacramento, Chavez announced to a heartening presentation of 10,000 protagonists in forepart of the Capitol edifice that Schenley had bowed before the force per unit area and signed an understanding with the NFWA. Within hebdomads, DiGiorgio agreed to keep a representation election. But before the election could be held, a complication arose. The International Brotherhood of Teamsters, disregarding the inquiries of societal justness at the nucleus of the farmworkers # 8217 ; run for brotherhood acknowledgment, offered itself to DiGiorgio as a conservative option to the NFWA/AWOC. The agriculturist thirstily assented. Chavez and the NFWA, infuriated at this treachery by another brotherhood, called for the workers to boycott the election. Heeding the call of the brotherhood, more than half the 800 workers at DiGiorgio # 8217 ; s immense Sierra Vista spread refused to vote. Governor Pat Brown appointed an arbiter, who ordered another election. This clip the NFWA beat the Teamsters resolutely. The two largest agriculturists in Delano were employers of brotherhood labour. However, the work stoppage dragged on at tonss of grape farms throughout the Delano country. In the yesteryear a farmworkers # 8217 ; brotherhood would hold been unable to last such a long struggle. But there was strength in worker solidarity. NFWA and AWOC merged during the summer, merely before the DiGiorgio election. On August 22, the two organisations became the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee, AFL? CIO ( UFWOC ) . The new brotherhood received forming financess from the AFL? CIO, every bit good as work stoppage support from other brotherhoods dwelling of nutrient, hard currency, and office equipment. Despite go oning Teamster collusion with the agriculturists, the UFWOC organized steadily in the Fieldss, and the grape boycott gathered steam in the metropoliss. By 1970 the UFW got grape agriculturists to accept brotherhood contracts and efficaciously organized most of that industry, claiming 50,000 dues paying member ; the most of all time represented by a brotherhood in California agribusiness. A addition included a brotherhood tally engaging hall, a wellness clinic and wellness program, recognition brotherhood, community centre and concerted gas station, every bit good as higher rewards. The engaging hall meant an terminal to favoritism and favouritism by labour contractors. In metropoliss around the state UFW support became stronger. UFWOC had become both a brotherhood and a civil rights motion, and this was the key to its success. The double character of the farmworkers organisation gave it a deepness of moral force per unit area and sense of mission felt by members and protagonists likewise. It seemed as if the farmworkers of California had eventually created a brotherhood that would last. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-14073196349234366952020-03-17T00:27:00.001-07:002020-03-17T00:27:03.038-07:00Heres Every College That Offers 100% Financial AidHere's Every College That Offers 100% Financial Aid SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the most important questions you will have to ask yourself during your college selection process is whether or not your top choice school is affordable for your family. Affordability has a huge impact on college decisions. Some students will luck out and be offered a nice scholarship by their school that will make things affordable. Others will win independent scholarships. Usually, though, both of these options for financing your education are based on merit, and there is a lot of competition. But did you know that some schools are committed to making sure all admitted students can afford to attend, regardless of whether they are scholarship recipients? Read on to see a list of colleges that meet full need, or provide for 100% of their studentsââ¬â¢ demonstrated financial need. What Does Demonstrated Financial Need Mean? Part of the application process is filling out a multitude of forms that colleges use to determine how much your family can reasonably afford to pay. The two most common forms are the FAFSA (short for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid) and the CSS Profile (short for the College Scholarship Service Profile). Other schools may have their own forms that they ask you to fill out. On these forms, youââ¬â¢ll have to state your parentsââ¬â¢ income and assets, as well as your own (if you have any), and the number of dependents in your household. The government and colleges then run some calculations to decide whatââ¬â¢s reasonable for your family to contribute to the cost of your education. Of course, this plan is not foolproof for getting the money you need for college. First of all, many families feel that the government and colleges do not do a very good job of determining how much they are able to pay. The calculations can be different from school to school, and just because an outside arbiter has decided that your family can ââ¬Å"afford,â⬠say, $15,000 per year, doesnââ¬â¢t mean that in reality they can. Many families feel they are in a difficult situation because their incomes are too high for the larger pools of financial aid but too low to be comfortable giving up such a large chunk of money. Of course, the situation is even worse for those who are planning on sending multiple kids to college. Additionally, just because you demonstrate financial need doesn't mean that you will get financial aid- or at least, as much as you need. Many schools simply cannot afford to give away as much financial aid as their students need. They instead give some money, but not enough to cover the cost. For example, letââ¬â¢s say your school costs $54,000 per year. You've been told that your family can afford to pay $20,000 per year- but in reality, thatââ¬â¢s a stretch. That leaves you $34,000 short of full tuition. Your school offers to kick in $15,000. So you are left with a gap of $19,000, plus the $20,000 that you couldnââ¬â¢t really afford in the first place. This is why so many students are left with no option but to take out extensive private student loans, often leaving them riddled with massive debt for years after graduation. 100% Meet Need Schools Fortunately, there are some schools out there that are committed to staying affordable for all of their students. Colleges and universities that pledge to meet 100% of their studentsââ¬â¢ financial need are a relatively rare breed. There are currently fewer than 75 schools that will meet all of your financial need. The schools on the lists below make sure that you get the money you need (outside of your familyââ¬â¢s calculated contribution, of course) through grants, loans, work study, and scholarships. Some have taken this generosity one step further and pledged that they will meet the full financial need of their students without requiring them to take out loans. What Does This Financial Aid Look Like? For the top schools listed below, financial aid will come 100% in the form of grants, scholarships, and work study. Grants and scholarships are financial gifts that do not need to be paid back. Work study means that these schools guarantee you will be given a job that will cover some of your costs. However, some of the schools listed below will also include loans as part of their financial aid packages. When a school considers your FAFSA and your aid package, they also determine your eligibility for federal loan programs. These loans need to be repaid, but if they are granted through your school, they count as part of your ââ¬Å"100% financial aid program.â⬠The most common federal loans that you will hear about being part of your financial aid package are as follows: Subsidized Stafford Loans: the government pays interest while you are in school and during your grace periods Unsubsidized Stafford Loans:you are responsible for the interest that accrues while you are studying Federal PLUS Loans:given to theparents of undergraduate students These loans are usually much better than private student loans because they tend to have lower interest rates, grace periods, convenient repayment plans, and loan forgiveness programs. However, there are limits to the amount that a student can borrow every year through federal loan programs. Therefore, some students will additionally be offered loans through their school. Though the rates on these loans are not usually quite as low-interest as federal loans, they tend to have lower interest rates than other private loans. The other big difference between schools that include loans as part of their 100% need-met financial aid programs and schools that leave a portion of your needs unmet and require you to find your own loans is that you qualify automatically for these loans if they are offered as part of your financial aid package. Receiving the loans is as easy as checking a box on your financial aid statement. What Kinds of Schools Meet 100% of Need? As you are looking over the lists below, you might start to notice a pattern.Most of these schools are well known for being excellent in their fields.Itââ¬â¢s usually the top schools that are committed to and able to meet 100% of their studentsââ¬â¢ financial needs. There are a few reasons for this. The first is that, traditionally, these schools are attended by wealthier students. When many students are paying full price, and some even have family members making financial donations to the school, these schools will have more money to spread around to students who are not as well-off financially. Many of these schools also have larger endowments than the average university, which means there is more money to give to students who need it. Finally, meeting 100% of studentsââ¬â¢ financial needs has become a selling point for top schools that are competing for top students. Once one school started having this policy, others had to match it to stay competitive and continue being attractive to the best students. The bottom line is that you can attend a top school and have it be affordable. The Best of the Best: 100% Need Met Without Loans, Regardless of Income The following schools have the most generous financial aid packets. They are willing to meet 100% of your demonstrated financial need without making you take out loans, regardless of your family income. To illustrate what this means, letââ¬â¢s imagine two students going through a fictional financial aid process. Student Aââ¬â¢s parents make $130,000 per year but have a couple of children currently attending college. After looking at their FAFSA, the schools below decide Student Aââ¬â¢s parents can make a contribution of $30,000 per year toward average yearly fees of $50,000.Student A would, therefore, get the remaining $20,000 per year in financial aid through scholarships, grants, and work study. Student Bââ¬â¢s parents, on the other hand, make just under $50,000 per year. After looking at their FAFSA, the schools below decide Student Bââ¬â¢s family should not have to contribute financially. Student B is awarded the full $50,000 through scholarships, grants, and work study. All information below is taken from US News. Now, let's look at these crà ¨me de la crà ¨me schools: Harvard has one of the best financial aid programs out there. Amherst College Bowdoin College Brown University Colby College Columbia University Davidson College Harvard University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Northwestern University Pomona College Princeton University Stanford University Swarthmore College University of Chicago University of Pennsylvania US Air Force Academy US Naval Academy Vanderbilt University Washington and Lee University West Point Yale University Second Best: 100% of Need Met With No Loans for Some Incomes These schools will meet 100% of your financial need no matter what your familyââ¬â¢s income is, but if your income is below a certain level, they will also make sure you don't have to take out any loans. Letââ¬â¢s consider Student A and Student B again to illustrate this. Student Aââ¬â¢s parents can contribute $30,000 per year toward the $50,000 cost of tuition and living. To meet the $20,000 of need, Student A is offered $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans and $2,000 in Unsubsidized Loans, while theparents are offered a PLUS Loan of $2,500. Student A is then offered the final $12,000 through a combination of scholarships, grants, and work study. Student Bââ¬â¢s parents make less than $50,000. Almost all of the schools listed below require no financial contribution from Student Bââ¬â¢s parents. Student B is offered the full $50,000 yearly cost through scholarships, grants, and work study. The following schools are taken from US News. Below are the schools that offer this kind of aid: Dartmouth is one of the schools that offers loan-free aid to some students. Cornell University Aid is loan-free if your parents' total income is less than $60,000 and total assets are less than $100,000. Dartmouth College Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $100,000. Your family will not be expected to make any financial contribution. Duke University Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $40,000. Your family will not be expected to make any financial contribution. Haverford College Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $60,000. Families making more than this threshold can expect small loans ranging from $1,500 to $3,000 a year. Rice University Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $130,000. Vassar College Aid is loan-free for students from "low-income families." Washington University in St. Louis Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $75,000. Wellesley College Aid is loan-free if your calculated family contribution is less than $7,000 and your parents earn less than $60,000. All other students qualifying for financial aid can expect to have a maximum of $15,200 in loans over four years. Williams College Aid is loan-free if parents earn less than $75,000 with "typical assets." 100% of Need With Loans Though these financial aid packets wonââ¬â¢t seem as great compared with the non-loan ones above, the fact that these schools commit to meeting 100% of studentsââ¬â¢ demonstrated financial need is a rare thing. These schools expect students to take out some loans as part of their financial aid packagesbut will make sure that there are no gaps between what the aid package is worth and the cost of tuition. Letââ¬â¢s go back to our fictional students for a moment. Student Aââ¬â¢s parents who earn $130,000 are expected to contribute $30,000 per year toward the $50,000 cost of attendance. Student A is awarded $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans, $2,000 in Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, and a $3,500 loan directly from the school. Student Aââ¬â¢s parents are also offered a $7,000 PLUS Loan. Finally, student A gets the opportunity to earn $2,000 per year in work studyand receives a grant for $2,000. By contrast, student Bââ¬â¢s parents make less than $50,000 and are not expected to contribute anything up front. Student B is awarded $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans, $2,000 in Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, and a $10,000 loan directly from the school. Student B is also offered $3,500 in work study. Student Bââ¬â¢s parents get a PLUS loan of $10,000. The final $21,000 is awarded through grants and scholarships. Schools who offer students 100% needs met (with loans) financial aid include the following: USC is one school that meets 100% of financial need with loans. Barnard CollegeBates College Boston College Bryn Mawr College California Institute of Technology Carleton CollegeCase Western Reserve UniversityClaremont-McKenna College Colgate University College of the Holy Cross Connecticut College Colorado CollegeDenison CollegeEmory University (US only) Franklin Marshall College Georgetown University Grinnell College Hamilton College Harvey Mudd CollegeJohns Hopkins University Kenyon College Lafayette College Macalester College Middlebury College Mount Holyoke CollegeNortheastern University (US only) Oberlin College Occidental College Pitzer College Scripps CollegeSkidmore College Smith College Thomas Aquinas College Trinity College Tufts UniversityUCLA Union College University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill University of Notre Dame University of RichmondUniversity of Rochester (does not include Eastman School of Music) University of Southern CaliforniaUniversity of Virginia Wake Forest University Wesleyan University Final Thoughts: Colleges Offering 100% Aid The biggest thing that you can take away from this list is the knowledge that top colleges in the US are working hard to be affordable to all students. If you decide to apply to one of the schools listed above, you can do so with the confidence that you will neither have to come up with the money to finance it up front nor hunt down your own private student loans. And if you donââ¬â¢t see your top choice on this list, donââ¬â¢t be discouraged. More and more schools are working toward being able to cover 100% of their studentsââ¬â¢ financial needs. Many of the schools that arenââ¬â¢t there yet still have great financial aid packages. Even better, many of them offer merit-based scholarships that you might be eligible for. Also, keep in mind that you should always be on the lookout for outside, private scholarships to help fund your tuition. What's Next? The government can sometimes help with tuition costs, especially if you're from a low-income family. Check out our article to see whether you are eligible for a Pell Grant. As you consider where to apply to college, you might want to look at our list of cheap out-of-state colleges and the most expensive colleges in the country. Donââ¬â¢t be surprised by the surprise costs of college! Read this article to see what college really costs. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-14946573868865932892020-02-29T14:51:00.001-08:002020-02-29T14:51:03.491-08:00Causes of Software CrisisCauses of Software Crisis This paper justifies the symptoms and primary causes of software crisis. You will see that the writer made a comparison of software crisis in different countries. We took the information from different articles published in UK, USA and Canada. The findings and suggestions are described at the end to minimise the risk involved while planning and developing a software project. Introduction We begin with the symptoms of Software crisis. Evidence is provided by the documents produced by US military on software crisis. Furthermore, Charelle, (2005) has complied some more astounding failure statistics of software crisis. We have also discussed the major causes of the software crisis and the description of those causes. The major factor of causing failure in Software management projects is lack of coordination between the teams itself. In last two decades the technology trend is going upward and small and big organizations are adopting the latest technologies and techniques to improve thei r output productivity. This report reflects the major symptoms and causes of a software crisis along with their description. In the end of the report we conclude with the suggestions to improve the whole process to avoid software crisis. Symptoms of Software Crisis Many researchers agree software project failures occur more frequently than they should, some of them have tinted a crisis within the software industry (Conte et al, 1986; DeMarco, 1982). To assess the success or failure of the project express on cost, delivery time, and quality, Glass (1998) highlighted these three main aspects. Circumstantial evidence is used to highlight the symptoms and primary causes of project failure which creates serious concerns. Comparison of software crisis between different countries The other main cause of software crisis is that the machines have become more powerful, if we compare with the past we had a few computer programming with a minor problem in software. Now we have huge computer pro gramming with an equally huge problem in software. Some documents have been written to describe the failure of software project by US military and most of the software problem which had been identified in military area is the same in private sector. In this report the given table explain the major causes of software crisis, in 2001-2002 actual cost of National Insurance Recording System 2, Probation Service Crain, and Child Support Agency project increased for the reason of delays in project time, increase in actual costs and change of the system. Over cost of amount à £ 40.4 million increased in the project of (NIRS2) and same problem occurred in the project of (PSC) and an extra amount of à £ 50 million spent on the project of (CSA) to improve the system. Overall the causes of software crisis are linked to the complexity of hardware and software development process. Some other further evidence shows that in 2001, a planned project for Immigration and National Directorate was can celled since department analyzed that new system would be more complex and needs an amount of à £ 77million for the implementation of the project that is difficult for the department to pay such huge amount for this project. In the dates of 2001/2002, another new issue of fraud was highlighted in the software project of Individual Learning Accounts; it was a Flagship Training Scheme and an amount of à £ 66.9 million was fixed for its implementation. In the sequence of heavy budgeted costs a software project for Defence Logistics Organization in the year of 2002 was suspended on the reason of insufficient funds to start this heavy cost project of an amount of à £ 120 million. In the table shows that in the year 1999 a software project for Passport Agency a cost of à £ 12.6 million was suspended behind estimating high actual costs. In the prospect of high costs of software, in 1999 Home office scrapped the project that had been planned for improvement in prison services, estimated costs for this software project was about à £ 8 million. In the year 2002, a software project Libra for linkup the magistrates was under consideration and required an amount of à £ 134 million for implementation of this project. Overall in all above evidences, it shows that crisis of software apparent itself in several ways: clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-30123117866049093752020-02-13T07:37:00.001-08:002020-02-13T07:37:02.896-08:00Nationalism and Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsNationalism and Political Economy - Essay Example Corporations that were led by large financial companies. Leninââ¬â¢s theory shows that the two developments are intrinsically linked since the concentration of capital created inequality where the general population could not absorb the commodities achieve by the high level of productive capacity. From this premise, capitalist class controls the nation politically since Lenin theorized that Finance capital, which is the dominant form of capital, is useful to state machinery in colonizing the surrounding. Though he showed that this strategy could function in the short-term, Lenin showed that in the long-term it would weaken imperialism as well as capitalism. In an inquiry of imperialism, the engagements of capitalist nations play an indispensable role and are practically an axiom of Marxist theory that nations act to defend welfares of the governing people. There are many statements to this effect in Marxââ¬â¢s writing even though he offered little-detailed analysis in support, however; he managed to show that states act to preserve the broad outlines of the social system since the ruling class is well organized in defending its interests. Moreover, high-level personnel of the nation like politicians has ââ¬Å"clear interest in preserving the existing state organizationâ⬠(Hobson 153); however, this dominant mode can only result in ââ¬Å"chaos and economic regressionâ⬠(Marx & Friedrich 15) in the absence of an affirmative alternative (Lenin 96; Schumpeter 105-110). Scholars of political economy regardless of whether they are liberals, Marxists or institutionalists mostly assume questions of national identity to be marginal in the understanding of changing economic structures. Therefore, the neglect between of the relationship between national identity and political economy, which is unfortunate since it, leaves central features of transformation unexamined. Economic nationalism can be comprehended in terms of relationships that links national identity to political economy; thus, this approach focuses on nation and understanding of the national identity as being rooted in the nationââ¬â¢s political economy (Polanyi 28). Thus, I believe there is need to examine economic nationalism as a form of local political struggle since it links an understanding of national identity to certain economic prescriptions. Friedrich in his national system of political economy he considers that political economy in international commerce has drawn lessons from experiences where the measures taken have to be appropriate for the people. Loyalties in nations arise since there is no monopoly because internal competition comes in place of foreign competition ad each individual in the country has the privilege of obtaining a share of the advantages a nation offers to its citizens moreover, loyalties for nations arise from good systems of protection.à clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-86347453193805160932020-02-01T06:09:00.001-08:002020-02-01T06:09:02.888-08:00Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsAnnotated Bibliography Example The discriminatory HR policies caused conflict between the two groups, eventually reducing the productivity, whereas favorable policies that encouraged friendly interactions between the local workers and the expatriates, such as buddy systems, greatly enhanced the relationship between the two groups and provided the expatriates with the necessary emotional support in a new country. The reading also reveals that unequal treatment of different groups of workers caused discord, and this feeling of inequality is dependant more on cultural factors and role in decision making rather than differences in pay packages. Practical Implications: The reading implicated that many cross-cultural differences that are usually ignored while making policies, have a significant effect on expatriate-local relationships such as cultural conflicts between two different groups that speak the same language. The reading strongly suggests that significant attention should be paid to the local staff while dealing with expatriates and that the opinions of the local staff are ignored by most of the current HR policies. The reading also points out the importance of considering the social and people skills of the candidates while selecting employees for offshore missions. Value to Reader: The main objective of the reading is to note the need of updating the current expatriate policies. Nowadays, most of the local workforce for the western companies has the same skill levels as the expatriates and any measure of them being treated unequally by the management will have a negative impact on the motivation of the staff and hence the productivity of the company. The local staff needs to be treated more as an asset as they are more knowledgeable regarding the culture of their home country and possess contacts that could help the parent companies. Additionally, local employees need to be prepared for the incoming expatriates as favorable interactions, clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-88199941897918582792020-01-24T02:33:00.001-08:002020-01-24T02:33:02.699-08:00Exploring Morality in Measure for Measure Essay -- Measure for MeasureExploring Morality in Measure for Measure à à In Measure for Measure, Shakespeare is able to examine the concept of right and wrong through the characters of Mistress Overdone and Mariana. Throughout the play, by using characters that most people would find morally reprehensible, Shakespeare is able to give the audience a different view of these people and, hopefully, show his audience that people aren't always what they appear to be. Through the character of Mistress Overdone, Shakespeare is able to bring a jovial side to the oldest job known to man -- prostitution. Through the character of Mariana, Shakespeare allows the audience to decide if two wrongs do, in fact, make a right. While the concepts of right and wrong are given a twist in this play, Shakespeare, in the end, allows his audience to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. At the beginning of act one, scene two, Shakespeare uses the bawd, Mistress Overdone, to convey to the audience that Angelo is enforcing the fornication laws of Vienna. While this seems like the more moral, and more right, action to take, Shakespeare puts a twist on what the audience would normally view as a clear cut case. In lines 79 - 81, Mistress Overdone explains to the audience the effects of these new policies. So, while it seems right to shut these businesses down, the audience now is shown that prostitution is this lady's livelihood and her way for making money. However, who is to decide if the "moral benefits" of eliminating the public display of prostitution is in the best interest of the city? By posing this question, Shakespeare forces the audience to consider both sides of the issue to, in the end, make some decision. à In England, during that time... ... While, of course, this play does not say that Shakespeare was in favor of prostitution, it does force his audience to see these people as individuals and not objects. Likewise, by introducing the description of Mariana, Shakespeare challenges the idea of something always being right or wrong. Through the two characters, Shakespeare is able to have his audience challenge their ideas of right and wrong and force them into justifying these decisions. Sources Cited and Consulted Knight, G. Wilson. Shakespeare and Morality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1967. Leech, Clifford. "The 'Meaning' of Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Survey 3 (1950): 69-71. Shakespeare, William. Measure for Measure. The Arden Shakespeare. Ed. J.W. Lever. London: Routledge, 1995. Thomas, Vivian.à The Moral Universe of Shakespeare's Problem Plays.à London: Croom Helm, 1987. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-85174746510765734422020-01-15T22:55:00.001-08:002020-01-15T22:55:06.373-08:00Early Detection Of Perinatal Asphyxia Health And Social Care EssayMeconium staining amnionic fluid ( MSAF ) is associated with tonss of inauspicious result and has long been considered to be a bad forecaster of foetal result. Meconium aspiration syndrome ( MAS ) is often associated with foetal hypoxia which promotes meconium discharge in amnionic fluid, panting and aspiration of MSAF, and besides alterations in the vascular muscular media of pneumonic arterias of the foetus. About 30 to 50 % of MAS required mechanical airing or uninterrupted positive air passage force per unit area ( CPAP ) .Aim: ââ¬âThis retrospective survey was undertaken to happen out immediate foetal result in meconium stained spirits in relation to perinatal asphyxia.MATERIAL AND METHOD: ââ¬âIt was a retrospective survey. We reviewed the medical records of all Neonates admitted to neonatal intensive attention unit ( NICU ) between 1st September 2011 to 31st July 2012 at NICU of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Gestational age of babes & lt ; 37weeks are coded as prete rm, & gt ; 42weeks as station term and 37 to 42 hebdomads as term. Chi square trial and Binary logistic arrested development were used for the analysis. We calculated odds ratios ( OR ) and their 95 % assurance intervals ( 95 % CI ) . P-valueConsequence: ââ¬âOut of 399 entire admittances in NICU, male ( 62.4 % ) showed preponderance as compared to female ( 37.6 % ) , among which 6.8 % were instances of MAS, doing female ( 10.7 % ) more prone compared to male ( 4.4 % ) while perinatal asphyxia came out to be 11.5 % , doing male ( 12 % ) more prone to female ( 10.7 % ) . Post term [ odds ratio=3.50 ( CI: 0.39, 31.42 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.58 ( CI: 1.16, 5.75 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing MAS compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) . Post term [ odds ratio=9.15 ( CI: 1.91, 43.75 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.67 ( CI: 1.41, 5.08 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) . MAS babe is holding 6.62 ( C I: 2.85, 15.38 ) times hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia ( p & lt ; 0.01 ) .Decision: ââ¬âMAS is a perinatal job which requires a full co-operation and coordination of Obstetrician and Pediatrician if it is to be avoided. Prompt and efficient bringing room direction can minimise the sequeale of aspirated meconium and diminish the opportunity of perinatal asphyxia.KEYWORDS: ââ¬âMeconium aspiration syndrome ( MAS ) , Perinatal asphyxia, NICU, PaediatricBackground: ââ¬âIn the early 2000, the prevalence of MAS ranged from 0.20 % to 0.54 % in the general population [ 2-4 ] and from 1.0 % to 6.8 % in babies born through MSAF [ 1, 2-4 ] . A reappraisal of 10 studies published from 1990 to 1998 showed a combined incidence of 13.1 % for MSAF, 0.52 % of MAS, 4.2 % of MAS among MSAF, and 49.7 % of MAS necessitating ventilatory support with a 4.6 % mortality rate [ 3 ] . However, big population-based surveies were scarce and suggested a lower incidence of MAS: the national US birth cohort survey conducted on the footing of singleton term non-Hispanic white unrecorded births ( 1995-2001 ) showed that the rate of MAS markedly increased with gestational age ( GA ) , that is, from 0.10 % at 37 hebdomads gestation ( WG ) to 0.22 and 0.31 % at 40 and 41 WG, severally [ 5 ] . The prevalence of MAS could be extrapolated to 0.18 % in this population of term babies. In Australia, the rate of MAS necessitating mechanical airing in flat III units ranged between 0.024 to 0.046 % at 36-40 WG and so increased to 0.080 % at 41 WG and 0.14 % at 42 WG [ 6 ] . In France, the prevalence of automatically ventilated MAS was estimated to 0.043 % by a retrospective national study among newborns born in 2000-2001 [ 7 ] . Meconium-stained amnionic fluid occurs in about 13 % of unrecorded births. Meconium aspiration syndrome ( MAS ) occurs in 5 to 10 % of babies born through meconium-stained amnionic fluid. When MAS occurs, there is an addition in neonatal mortality and morbidity. Great advancement has been made in the betterment of endurance of babies with MAS. Great advancement in direction has been made since first description of the pathophysiology and hapless result of babies with MAS in 1975. [ 8 ] These include improved intrapartum and post-delivery direction of MAS. Although there is a important lessening in the happening of MAS and associated mortality in developed states MAS remains a major job in developing states. Meconium, the faecal stuff that accumulates in the fetal colon throughout gestation, is a term derived from the Greek mekoni, intending poppy juice or opium. It is a unfertile, thick, black-green, odourless stuff foremost observed in the foetal bowel during the 3rd month of gestation. Meconium consequences from the accretion of dust, including desquamated cells from the bowel and tegument, GI mucin, lanugo hair, fatty stuff from the vernix caseosa, amnionic fluid and enteric secernments. The black-green colour consequences from bile pigments. [ 9, 10 ] Most babies have their first intestine motion after birth ( within the first 24 to 48 hour after birth ) . Occasionally a foetus can go through meconium in uteri. Aspiration of meconium and amnionic fluid can go on during any point of the labour and bringing. The foetus could draw out this mixture of fluids while they are still in the womb, coming through the birth canal, or when they take their first breathe after birth. This is refer red to as Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ( MAS ) . MAS is an of import cause of respiratory hurt in the term neonate, is a serious status with high morbidity and mortality. [ 11,12 ] The pathophysiology is complex and non good defined, including airway obstructor, pneumonic high blood pressure, epithelial hurt, surfactant inactivation, and redness. [ 11,13 ] Fetal asphyxia [ 14 ] and infection are suggested to be chief causative agents. [ 15,16 ] Meconium produces inflammatory responses in both carnal theoretical accounts and neonates with MAS. [ 17 ] After intratracheal instillment of meconium in animate beings, there is an intense pneumonic inflammatory reaction with inflow of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and T cells within a few hours. The production of proinflammatory cytokines further propagates parenchymal lung cell hurt, [ 18,19 ] and apoptotic epithelial cells are present in meconium containing lungs. [ 20,21 ] MAS is a disease of the term and near-term baby that is associated with considerable respiratory morbidity. The disease is characterized by early oncoming of respiratory hurt in a meconium-stained baby, with hapless lung conformity and hypoxemia clinically and patchy opacification and hyperinflation radiographically. [ 22, 23 ] At least one tierce of babies with MAS require cannulation and mechanical airing, [ 24, 25 ] and newer neonatal therapies, such as high-frequency airing ( HFV ) , inhaled azotic oxide ( iNO ) , and surfactant disposal are frequently brought into drama. [ 26, 27 ] In the past few decennaries, there seems to hold been a decrease in the incidence of MAS in many centres, at least in the developed universe. [ 25, 28, 29 ] The evident decrease in the hazard of MAS has been attributed to better obstetric patterns, in peculiar, turning away of postmaturity and expeditious bringing where fetal hurt has been noted. [ 28 ]Aim:This retrospective survey was undertaken to happen out immediate foetal result in meconium stained spirits in relation to perinatal asphyxia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: ââ¬âStudy design and the participants:It was a infirmary based retrospective experimental survey conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Manipal College of Medical Sciences ( MCOMS ) , Kathmandu University. Manipal learning infirmary ( MTH ) is a third attention infirmary in pokhara metropolis of Nepal and it is a good facilitated and equipped infirmary for patients with neonatal intensive attention unit ( NICU ) . It was chosen for the survey because Manipal lea rning infirmary is a third attention 825 bedded infirmary and it was expected that most of the patients will come to this infirmary from Western Nepal.DATA COLLECTION: ââ¬âThis survey was carried out from 1ST SEPTEMBER 2011to 31st JULY, 2012. The survey population included patients admitted in Pediatrics NICU from different parts of Pokhara, Nepal. After obtaining the permission from the caput of the section, information was collected from the medical record section of the patient from NICU. The variable collected were Age, sex, weight, manner of bringing and gestational age. Sum of 399 instances were included in the survey holding both meconium aspiration syndrome, perinatal asphyxia and other neonatal infections.INCLUSION CRITERIA:Gestational age of babes & lt ; 37weeks are coded as preterm, & gt ; 42weeks as station term and 37 to 42 hebdomads as term.SAMPLE SIZE CALCULATION: To be added subsequentlyResult Variables:To happen out immediate foetal result in meconium stained sp irits in relation to perinatal asphyxia.Explanatory Variables:Factors at single degree are gestational age and sex.ETHICAL COMMITTEE APPROVAL:Predating the survey, blessing for the survey was obtained from the institutional research ethical commission.DATA MANAGEMENT AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:Analysis was done utilizing descriptive statistics and proving of hypothesis. The information was analyzed utilizing Excel 2003, R 2.8.0, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences ( SPSS ) for Windows Version 16.0 ( SPSS Inc ; Chicago, IL, USA ) and the EPI Info 3.5.1 Windows Version. A p-value of & lt ; 0.05 ( two-tailed ) was used to set up statistical significance. [ 30, 31 ]Consequence: ââ¬âTable 1: Cross tabular matter between Socio demographic factors and meconium aspiration syndrome: Variables MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME p-VALUE Yes NO Entire Sexual activity Male 11 ( 4.4 % ) 238 ( 95.6 % ) 249 0.016 Female 16 ( 10.7 % ) 134 ( 89.3 % ) 150 Gestational age 1 ( & lt ; 37 hebdomads ) 12 ( 4.5 % ) 252 ( 95.5 % ) 264 0.001 2 ( 37-42 hebdomads ) 14 ( 10.9 % ) 114 ( 89.1 % ) 128 3 ( & lt ; 42 hebdomads ) 1 ( 14.3 % ) 6 ( 85.7 % ) 7 Table 1depicts: female ( 10.7 % ) more prone compared to male ( 4.4 % ) . Post term [ odds ratio=3.50 ( CI: 0.39, 31.42 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.58 ( CI: 1.16, 5.75 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing MAS compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) . from the above statistics it ââ¬Ës really clear the female in our survey are doing an dominant portion as compared to do in meconium aspiration syndrome. Along with this, we can do out that station and term newborns are holding larger hazard of developing meconium aspiration syndrome. Table 2: shows relationship of perinatal asphyxia with Socio demographic factors and meconium aspiration syndrome: Variables PERINATAL ASPHYXIA p-VALUE Yes NO Sum Sexual activity Male 30 ( 12.0 % ) 219 ( 88.0 % ) 249 0.676 Female 16 ( 10.7 % ) 134 ( 89.3 % ) 150 Gestational age 1 ( & lt ; 37 hebdomads ) 20 ( 7.6 % ) 244 ( 92.4 % ) 264 0.001 2 ( 37-42 hebdomads ) 23 ( 18.0 % ) 105 ( 82.0 % ) 128 3 ( & gt ; 42 hebdomads ) 3 ( 42.9 % ) 4 ( 57.1 % ) 7 Meconium aspiration syndrome Yes 11 ( 40.7 % ) 16 ( 59.3 % ) 27 0.0001 NO 35 ( 9.4 % ) 337 ( 90.6 % ) 372 Table 2: shows Perinatal asphyxia came out to be 11.5 % , doing male ( 12 % ) more prone to female ( 10.7 % ) . Post term [ odds ratio=9.15 ( CI: 1.91, 43.75 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.67 ( CI: 1.41, 5.08 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) . MAS babe is holding 6.62 ( CI: 2.85, 15.38 ) times hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia ( p & lt ; 0.01 ) . From the tabular array we formulated that male are holding more hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia as compared to females.post term babes and term are holding greater hazard holding asphyxia. Therefore from the above consequence we can do out that there is strong relationship between MAS and perinatal asphyxia i.e, meconium aspiration newborns are prone for developing perinatal asphyxia.Discussion:The increased hazard for pneumonic morbidity and mortality among babies born through meconium stained amnionic fluid is good recognized. Though many studies have noted a clinical spectrum of pneumonic disfunction such as mild tachypnea and terrible pneumonic inadequacy, this survey confirms that meconium stained amnionic fluid is associated with an increased hazard for pneumonic disfunction. The hazard for pneumonic disease, nevertheless, is non manifested every bit in all babies with meconium staining. As it was shown by several old surveies, the greatest hazard for pneumonic disease occurred among babies with associated marks of possible intrapartum foetal via media. Despite airway direction following recommended guidelines, these babies continued to attest a high rate of pneu monic morbidity [ 32-35 ] . The recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics in 1983 did non propose that all babies born through thick meconium stained amnionic fluid needfully necessitate tracheal suction. The 2nd edition of these Guidelines noted the absence of extra surveies to back up or rebut the pattern of tracheal suction for meconium stained amnionic fluid and recommended that ââ¬Å" in the presence of midst or particulate meconium, the voice box should be visualized, and if meconium is present, the clinician should cannulate the windpipe and use suction â⬠. The most recent edition of the Guidelines published in 1992, is downwind dogmatic. It is recommended that down babies with meconium in the hypopharynx have tracheal suction. However, it is further noted that cord visual image and tracheal suction in the vigorous baby with thick meconium may non be necessary. None of the Guidelines have recommended tracheal suction of babies born through thin meconium stained amnionic fluid [ 32, 33 ] .MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME WITH GESTATIONAL AGE:The overall incidence of MAS and terrible MAS additions with GA as reported in recent population-based surveies [ 36, 37 ] . The overall rates of MAS in the USA [ 36 ] and Burgundy are similar: 1.0 versus 1.1 per 1000 unrecorded births ( aÃâ à ° ) at 37 hebdomads ; 1.1 versus 1.0aÃâ à ° at 38weeks ; 1.5 versus 1.1aÃâ à ° at 39weeks ; 2.2 versus 2.4aÃâ à ° at 40 hebdomads, and 3.1 versus 2.6aÃâ à ° at 41weeks. Furthermore the incidence of terrible MAS recorded in Australia [ 37 ] at 41weeks ( 0.80aÃâ à ° ) is close to the 0.67aÃâ à ° observed at 39-41weeks in our series. Some surveies suggested that bar of post term gestation prevents terrible MAS [ 38 ] .Our retrospective observational survey showed that station term [ odds ratio=3.50 ( CI: 0.39, 31.42 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.58 ( CI: 1.16, 5.75 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing MAS compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) .MECONIUM ASPIRATION S YNDROME WITH SEX:In our survey, male ( 62.4 % ) showed preponderance as compared to female ( 37.6 % ) , among which ( 6.8 % ) were instances of MAS, doing female ( 10.7 % ) more prone compared to male ( 4.4 % ) .PERINATAL ASPHYXIA WITH GESTATIONAL AGE:For more than two decennaries, post term gestation has been defined as a gestation that persists beyond 294 yearss or 42 hebdomads of gestation [ 39 ] . The most common ground to name it is inaccurate gestation dating. Last catamenial period with regular catamenial rhythm is the best physiological landmark to measure the gestational age in gestation. However, a few adult females are certain of their day of the months and frequently cause anxiousness when they come with postdates [ 40 ] . The cause of post-term gestation is unknown. A Post term gestations are associated with higher hazard of perinatal mortality and morbidity including meconium aspiration syndrome, A asphyxia neonatrum respiratory hurt syndrome, icterus neonatrum, sepsis neonatorum, oligohydramnios, macrosomia, foetal birth hurt, foetal hurt and increased rate of cesarean subdivision [ 41 ] . Our survey showed that station term [ odds ratio=9.15 ( CI: 1.91, 43.75 ) ] and term [ odds ratio=2.67 ( CI: 1.41, 5.08 ) ] babes were holding more hazard of developing perinatal asphyxia compared to preterm ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) .PERINATAL ASPHYXIA WITH SEX:In legion surveies, asphyxia was more prevailing in male than female [ 42, 43, 44 ] . In our survey, male preponderance is seen. Out of 399 instances perinatal asphyxia came out to be 11.5 % , doing male ( 12 % ) more prone to female ( 10.7 % ) .Decision:The present survey showed a good correlativity of prevalence of meconium aspiration syndrome and perinatal asphyxia both in term and post term babes doing perinatal asphyxia more common in meconium aspiration syndrome. There is demand of a big randomized controlled test to analyze the functions of intrapartum nasopharyngeal and immediate postpartum tracheal suctioning in newborns born through MSAF in developing state scene.Conflict OF INTERESTS:The writers do non hold any struggle of involvement originating from the survey.RecognitionsDr. K.S RAO, Professor and Head of Department, Pediatrics, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara ( Nepal ) for allowing the writers to utilize the infirmary paperss during the survey.What this survey adds:By agencies of this survey we can turn out that perinatal asphyxia is more prevailing in meconium aspiration syndrome. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-90550508759144589882020-01-07T19:18:00.001-08:002020-01-07T19:18:04.412-08:00Sexuality As A Means Of Identifying Self Essay - 1703 Words Sexuality as a means of identifying self: Dasââ¬â¢ poetry is ââ¬Å"self centered and unabashedly sexual although the sexuality seems more fascinating to the poet because it is hers than because it is sexual.â⬠Kumar remarks: Several verse of her communicates the tediousness and repetitiveness of sexual category inside as well as exterior wedding ceremony. Their sex is a surprised desire, an underprivileged replacement for authentic sex. The existence of Kamalaââ¬â¢s qualities can be well thought-out a romance of her testing through sex. She seems to be winning every come across as a replacement for the genuine knowledge about the factual sex. [80] Her poetry has often been considered ââ¬Å"as a gimmick in sex or striptease in words, an over exposer of body or ââ¬Ësnippets of trivia.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ 7 She feels it and gives better expression to her joys and longings as a woman. Satchidanandan considers it as ââ¬Å"ââ¬Ëfemale sexualityââ¬â¢ which truthfully expresses a womanââ¬â¢s ââ¬Ëswelling limbsââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëgrowing hairsââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëthe pitiful weight of breasts and wombââ¬â¢. It is the ââ¬Ëfemale physicalityââ¬âthe sad body of the woman which encounters with masculine violence that belongs to the same frightening world of trees in the storm and the mutterings of the funeral pyre.â⬠(Satchidanandan ââ¬Å"Transcending the Bodyâ⬠, as ââ¬Å"Introductionâ⬠to Only the Soul Knows How to Sing.10) MacKinnon opines: ââ¬Å"the social meaning of sex (gender) is created by sexual objectification of women whereby women are viewed and treated as objects for satisfying men sShow MoreRela tedSexuality And Gender Identification : A Perspective Point Of View855 Words à |à 4 PagesThis analysis the focal point regarding the readings focuses around sexuality and gender identification. First, in Chapter twenty-two, Kaja Silverman clarifies both Freud and Lacanââ¬â¢s theories from a perspective point of view. Additionally, in Chapter Twenty-eight, Jacqueline Rose highlights identification of sexuality and feminism. 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Jolene is relieved that she did not wake up feeling like she needed to submerge herself into the ââ¬Å"lesbian gangâ⬠(Lopez 251), because categorizing as a particular sex would mean she is also succumbing to a certain role or identityââ¬âdefying every reason for her travels on the road. Second wave feminism includes those radical feminists who refused to share power with men, and held protests to abolish the notion of power. They clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-18402129517004359602019-12-30T15:44:00.001-08:002019-12-30T15:44:03.291-08:00Biography of Nellie Bly, Investigative Journalist The reporter known as Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran in Cochrans Mills, Pennsylvania, where her father was a mill owner and county judge. Her mother was from a wealthy Pittsburgh family. Pink, as she was known in childhood, was the youngest of 13 (or 15, according to other sources) of her fathers children from both of his marriages; Pink competed to keep up with her five older brothers. Fast Facts: Nellie Bly Also Known As: Elizabeth Jane Cochran (birth name), Elizabeth Cochrane (a spelling she adopted), Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman (married name), Elizabeth Seaman, Nelly Bly, Pink Cochran (childhood nickname)Occupation: journalist, writerKnown For: investigative reporting and sensationalist journalism, especially her commitment to an insane asylum and her around-the-world stuntBorn: May 5, 1864 in Cochrans Mills, PennsylvaniaParents: Mary Jane Kennedy Cummings and Michael CochranDied: January 27, 1922 in New YorkSpouse: Robert Livingston Seaman (married April 5, 1895, when he was 70; millionaire industrialist)Children: none from her marriage, but adopted a child when she was 57Education: Indiana State Normal School, Indiana, Pennsylvania Blys father died when she was only six. Her fathers money was divided among the children, leaving little for Nellie Bly and her mother to live on. Her mother remarried, but her new husband, John Jackson Ford, was violent and abusive, and in 1878 she filed for divorce. The divorce was final in June of 1879. Nellie Bly briefly attended college at Indiana State Normal School, intending to prepare to be a teacher, but funds ran out in the middle of her first semester there, and she left. She had discovered both a talent and interest in writing and talked her mother into moving to Pittsburgh to look for work in that field. But she did not find anything, and the family was forced to live in slum conditions. Finding Her First Reporting Job With her already-clear experience with the necessity of a woman working and the difficulty of finding work, she read an article in the Pittsburgh Dispatch called What Girls Are Good For, which dismissed the qualifications of women workers. She wrote an angry letter to the editor as a response, signing it Lonely Orphan Girlââ¬âand the editor thought enough of her writing to offer her an opportunity to write for the paper. She wrote her first piece for the newspaper, on the status of working women in Pittsburgh, under the name Lonely Orphan Girl. When she was writing her second piece, on divorce, either she or her editor (the stories told differ) decided she needed a more appropriate pseudonym, and Nellie Bly became her nom de plume. The name was taken from the then-popular Stephen Foster tune, Nelly Bly. When Nellie Bly wrote human interest pieces exposing the conditions of poverty and discrimination in Pittsburgh, local leaders pressured her editor, George Madden, and he reassigned her to cover fashion and societyââ¬âmore typical womens interest articles. But those didnt hold Nellie Blys interest. Mexico Nellie Bly arranged to travel to Mexico as a reporter. She took her mother along as a chaperone, but her mother soon returned, leaving her daughter to travel unchaperoned, unusual for that time, and somewhat scandalous. Nellie Bly wrote about Mexican life, including its food and cultureââ¬âbut also about its poverty and the corruption of its officials. She was expelled from the country and returned to Pittsburgh, where she began reporting for the Dispatch again. She published her Mexican writings as a book, Six Months in Mexico, in 1888. But she was soon bored with that work, and quit, leaving a note for her editor, Im off for New York. Look out for me. Bly. Off for New York In New York, Nellie Bly found it difficult to find work as a newspaper reporter because she was a woman. She did some freelance writing for the Pittsburgh paper, including an article about her difficulty in finding work as a reporter. In 1887, Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World hired her, seeing her as fitting into his campaign to expose all fraud and sham, fight all public evil and abusesââ¬âpart of the reformist trend in newspapers of that time. Ten Days in a Mad House For her first story, Nellie Bly had herself committed as insane. Using the name Nellie Brown, and pretending to be Spanish-speaking, she was first sent to Bellevue and then, on September 25, 1887, admitted to Blackwells Island Madhouse. After ten days, lawyers from the newspaper were able to get her released as planned. She wrote of her own experience where doctors, with little evidence, pronounced her insane and of other women who were probably just as sane as she was, but who didnt speak good English or were thought to be unfaithful. She wrote of the horrible food and living conditions, and the generally poor care. The articles were published in October 1887 and were widely reprinted across the country, making her famous. Her writings on her asylum experience were published in 1887 as Ten Days in a Mad House. She proposed a number of reformsââ¬âand, after a grand jury investigation, many of those reforms were adopted. More Investigative Reporting This was followed with investigations and exposà ©s on sweatshops, baby-buying, jails, and corruption in the legislature. She interviewed Belva Lockwood, the Woman Suffrage Party presidential candidate, and Buffalo Bill, as well as the wives of three presidents (Grant, Garfield, and Polk). She wrote about the Oneida Community, an account republished in book form. The World cover story about Nellie Bly. Bettmannà /à Getty Images Around the World Her most famous stunt, though, was her competition with the fictional Around the World in 80 Days trip of Jules Vernes character, Phileas Fogg, an idea proposed by G. W. Turner. She left from New York to sail to Europe on November 14, 1889, taking only two dresses and one bag. Traveling by many means including boat, train, horse, and rickshaw, she made it back in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds. The last leg of the trip, from San Francisco to New York, was via a special train provided by the newspaper. The World published daily reports of her progress and held a contest to guess her return time, with over a million entries. In 1890, she published about her adventure in Nellie Blys Book: Around the World in Seventy-Two Days. She went on a lecture tour, including a trip to Amiens, France, where she interviewed Jules Verne. The Famous Female Reporter She was, now, the most famous female reporter of her time. She quit her job, writing serial fiction for three years for another New York publicationââ¬âfiction that is far from memorable. In 1893 she returned to the World. She covered the Pullman strike, with her coverage having the unusual distinction of paying attention to the conditions of the strikers lives. She interviewed Eugene Debs and Emma Goldman. Chicago, Marriage In 1895, she left New York for a job in Chicago with the Times-Herald. She only worked there for six weeks. She met Brooklyn millionaire and industrialist Robert Seaman, who was 70 to her 31 (she claimed she was 28). In just two weeks, married him. The marriage had a rocky start. His heirsââ¬âand a previous common-law wife or mistressââ¬âwere opposed to the match. She went off to cover a womens suffrage convention and interview Susan B. Anthony; Seaman had her followed, but she had the man he hired arrested and then published an article about being a good husband. She wrote an article in 1896 on why women should fight in the Spanish American Warââ¬âand that was the last article she wrote until 1912. Sheet music cover image of the song Nellie Blys Tour Around the World Triumphal March and Galop, with original authorship notes reading By Chas D Blake, United States, 1890. Sheridan Libraries/Levy/Gado/Getty Images Nellie Bly, Businesswoman Nellie Blyââ¬ânow Elizabeth Seamanââ¬âand her husband settled down, and she took an interest in his business. He died in 1904, and she took over the Ironclad Manufacturing Co. which made enameled ironware. She expanded the American Steel Barrel Co. with a barrel that she claimed to have invented, promoting it to increase the success appreciably of her late husbands business interests. She changed the method of payment of workers from piecework to a salary and even provided recreation centers for them. Unfortunately, a few of the long term employees were caught cheating the company, and a long legal battle ensued, ending in bankruptcy, and employees sued her. Impoverished, she began writing for the New York Evening Journal. In 1914, to avoid a warrant for obstructing justice, she fled to Vienna, Austriaââ¬âjust as World War I was breaking out. Vienna In Vienna, Nellie Bly was able to watch World War I unfolding. She sent a few articles to the Evening Journal. She visited the battlefields, even trying out the trenches, and promoted U.S. aid and involvement to save Austria from Bolsheviks. Back to New York In 1919, she returned to New York, where she successfully sued her mother and brother for the return of her house and what remained of the business she had inherited from her husband. She returned to the New York Evening Journal, this time writing an advice column. She also worked to help place orphans into adoptive homes and adopted a child herself at age 57. Nellie Bly was still writing for the Journal when she died of heart disease and pneumonia in 1922. In a column published the day after she died, famous reporter Arthur Brisbane called her the best reporter in America. Books by Nellie Bly Ten Days in a Mad-House; or Nellie Blys Experience on Blackwells Island. Feigning Insanity in order to Reveal Asylum Horrors.... 1887.Six Months in Mexico. 1888.The Mystery in Central Park. 1889.Outline of Bible Theology! Exacted from a Letter by a Lady to the New York World of 2nd June, 1889. 1889.Nellie Blys Book: Around the World in Seventy-Two Days. 1890. Books About Nellie Bly: Jason Marks. The Story of Nellie Bly. 1951.Nina Brown Baker. Nellie Bly. 1956.Iris Noble. Nellie Bly: First Woman Reporter. 1956.Mignon Rittenhouse. The Amazing Nellie Bly. 1956.Emily Hahn. Around the World with Nellie Bly. 1959.Terry Dunnahoo. Nellie Bly: A Portrait. 1970.Charles Parlin Graves. Nellie Bly, Reporter for the World. 1971.Ann Donegan Johnson. The Value of Fairness: The Story of Nellie Bly. 1977.Tom Lisker. Nellie Bly: First Woman of the News. 1978.Kathy Lynn Emerson. Making Headlines: A Biography of Nellie Bly. 1981.Judy Carlson. Nothing Is Impossible, Said Nellie Bly. 1989.Elizabeth Ehrlich. Nellie Bly. 1989.Martha E. Kendall. Nellie Bly: Reporter for the World. 1992.Marcia Schneider. First Woman of the News. 1993.Brooke Kroeger. Nellie Bly: Daredevil, Reporter, Feminist. 1994. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-21643528440377980672019-12-22T11:32:00.001-08:002019-12-22T11:32:03.300-08:00Internal Conflicts In Kate Chopins The Awakening - 823 Words Title The story, The Awakening, is about Edna Pontellierââ¬â¢s internal conflict between her desire for independence and her need to remain a high-class member of society. When away on summer vacation Edna has the realization that she has control of her own life and begins to focus on her self and not what others think. During her awakening, Edna is faced with much resilience from her husband and friends and instead of becoming someone she is not, Edna Pontellier ends her own life as she sees it is her only option. The author, Kate Chopin, uses many characters to exemplify the conflicting ideals emerging in Edna; particularly Madame Ratignolle acts as a foil to Ednaââ¬â¢s newfound persona, instead symbolizing the conservation of a traditionalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Chopin uses the first hand description of Adele from Edna as a literary comparison to previous descriptions of Adele, allowing insight into Ednaââ¬â¢s own perceptions and changing world view. In Chapter 8, Madame Ratignolle pulls Robert aside and asks him to leave Edna alone. She explains that Edna,â⬠Is not one of us; she is not like us. She might make the unfortunate blunder of taking you seriously.â⬠Chopinââ¬â¢s use of repetition in Adeleââ¬â¢s dialogue puts emphasis on Ednaââ¬â¢s uniqueness and labels her as an outcast. Adele sees Edna drifting further and further away from the social norms of their accustomed society and wishes to stop her before its too late. Chopin also uses this scene to foreshadow Robertââ¬â¢s unwillingness to commit to Edna as he brushes off Madame Ratignolleââ¬â¢s warning, seeing his relationship with Edna as a fling rather than being the passionate lover Edna craves. Later in the story, Madame Ratignolle visited Edna to address her recent associations with Alcee Arobin. She continues to express her concern for Ednaââ¬â¢s reputation explaining, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦some one was talking of Alcee Arobin visitng you. Of course, it wouldnââ¬â¢t matter if Mr. Arobin had not such a dreadful reputationâ⬠¦his attentions alone are considered enough to ruin a womanââ¬â¢s name.â⬠Adele places more value on Ednaââ¬â¢s image and the potential harm to her family name, instead of inquiring on Ednaââ¬â¢s well being. She notices Ednaââ¬â¢s change in behavior and is more concerned with the wayShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s Life And Feminism1281 Words à |à 6 PagesKate Chopinââ¬â¢s Life and Works- Feminism Kate Chopin, born on February 8th, 1850, was a progressive writer in the midst of a conservative and unequal time. She exposed the unfair undertones of society in such a way that made people outrage and condemn some of her works. However, in the early 1900s, her works were examined again and people started to listen to her ideas. One of these main motifs that Chopinââ¬â¢s works kept bringing up were feminism and equality. In The Awakening, Edna Pontellier, a radicalRead MoreEssay about The Voice of the Sea in The Awakening871 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Voice of the Sea in The Awakeningà à à à à à à à Many different symbols were utilized in Kate Chopins The Awakening to illustrate the underlying themes and internal conflict of the characters.à One constant and re-emerging symbol is the sea.à The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander for a spell in abysses of solitude; to lose itself in mazes of inward contemplation.à The voice of the sea speaks to the soul.à The touchRead MoreAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin919 Words à |à 4 PagesDesireeââ¬â¢s Babyâ⬠: An Annotated bibliography Thesis: Kate Chopin combines the racial and social differences on the eighteen century, in which people have to face racial discrimination amongst a social empire, which brings many conflicts within diverse couples about their firstborns. Chopin, Kate Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby. Short Stories (print 7/14/2015). In the short story, Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby, written by Kate Chopin there is a about of karma and consequences that produce the drama on the literature. The storyRead MoreThe Idea Of Feminism Grew Through A Variety Of Movements,1310 Words à |à 6 Pagesin his lecture, The Classical Feminist Tradition, he states that there have been several prominent waves in which modern feminist criticizes through literature. Opponents of feminism claim that women s quest for external power, as opposed to the internal power to affect other people s ethics and values, leaves a vacuum in moral training, where women held sway. Some feminists reply that the education, including the moral education, of children has never been, and should not be, seen as the exclusiveRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1334 Words à |à 6 PagesImmersion into the frame of mind of Edna Pontellier, in Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s The Awakening, is a fascinating experience, one with many conflicting internal and external influence s. Like a marionette, Edna acts as a slave to her perceived social constraints in the beginning of The Awakening, a poignant contrast to her emotionally fueled, self-destructive choices towards the end. In the opening chapters of Ednaââ¬â¢s story, she is described from an external viewpoint. Readers do not especially see the interworkingRead More The Importance of Setting in The Awakening Essay2206 Words à |à 9 PagesThe Importance of Setting in The Awakeningà à à à à à à à à à Setting is a key element in Chopins novel, The Awakeningà à To the novels main character, Edna Pontellier, house is not home. Edna was not herself when enclosed behind the walls of the Pontellier mansion. Instead, she was another person entirely-- someone she would like to forget. Similarly, Edna takes on a different identity in her vacation setting in Grand Isle, in her independent home in New Orleans, and in just about every otherRead More Kate Chopins Awakening - Edna Pontellier as Master of Her Destiny3367 Words à |à 14 Pages à à à à à à à à In Kate Chopins The Awakening, the main character, Edna leaves her husband to find place in the world. Edna believes her new sexually independent power will make her master of her own life. But, as Martin points out, she has overestimated her strength and is still hampered by her limited ability to direct her energy and to master her emotions (22). Unfortunately, Edna has been educated too much in the traditions of society and not enough in reason and independent survival, admittingRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1633 Words à |à 7 Pages1. Title of text (underline novels/plays) authorââ¬â¢s name The Awakening by Kate Chopin 2. Characterization Character Development (a) 1.Edna Pontellier- Edna is the main character of the novel who is married to a businessman. Edna is a dynamic character because at the beginning of the novel, she conforms to society by being the ââ¬Å"perfectâ⬠mother and wife; however, Edna suddenly realizes that she is no longer happy with the way she was living her life and began to become independent only for herRead MoreKate Chopin s The Awakening1704 Words à |à 7 Pagesintimate, and internal ââ¬â and American society ââ¬â the cultural, institutional, and legal ââ¬â forges a conflicting war within individual souls. Kate Chopin, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Langston Hughes prompt their readers to analyze the individual costs ââ¬â the emotional impacts of dominating social and cultural forces. American society, despite habitually being disguised as a detachment from individual lives, sways American individuals through its cultural and political flaws. Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s The Awakening exploresRead More Comparing the Symbology and Imagery in T. S. Eliotââ¬â¢s Poetry Essay1481 Words à |à 6 PagesPrufrock says that he is going to go the beach; the ocean has always been a symbol of freedom, whether it is freedom from culture, limits, expectations, etc. One of the strongest representations of the sea as a symbol of freedom is in Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s story The Awakening, published in 1899; Poseidon, the god of the sea in Greek mythology, is often seen with horses, which were a symbol of freedom to the Native Americans (Daly 107, Viola 10). J. Alfred Prufrock is very confined, seemingly by his own view clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-20718306280696057882019-12-14T08:02:00.001-08:002019-12-14T08:02:03.000-08:00The Changing Demographics of Nursing Free Essays The face of nursing has been changing over the last 50 years. Women who a half a century ago would only work as nurses until they married are now ending up as nursing managers and administrators, moving out of the practical field. . We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Demographics of Nursing or any similar topic only for you Order Now But still it has been noted that the age of the nursing workforce has increased over the last quarter of a century, and fewer younger people are entering the nursing profession. In fact, at the time of the survey by the Bureau of Health Professions in 1997, baby boomers (those born between 1947 and 1962) were the largest component of the nursing workforce and at the current time only nine percent of registered nurses are younger than 30 years of age (Santucci, 2004). If this trend continues, then it would mean that the need for nursing would increase by as much as 22% between the years of 1998 and 2008. The demographics of nursing are changing as to the working environment as well. While hospitals employ about 60% of all nurses, the nurses who work in hospitals are likely to be younger, mostly due to the strain of physically demanding work and the shift work involved. While the hospitals tend to produce recruiting programs more focused on younger nurses, this also means that there is the need to promote relationships between the different generations of nurses. Problems in workplaces are the most often sited issues when it comes to job turnover rates among nurses. And the flow of younger nurses toward the hospital setting also means that the number of new graduate nurses being hired into the nursing pool is getting higher. This in turn results in a greater number of rather inexperienced new nurses in positions that may be better filled by experienced nurses. In order to answer this problem, residency programs have been developed for new graduate nurses, to provide orientation to the specialty areas such as critical care, medical/surgical and psychiatry. These residency programs appear to do much to help the new nurses address the challenges they face in their new positions. Green and Puetzer (2002) clearly define in their article the issues surrounding the importance of effective recruitment, efficient training and ultimate retention of experience nursing staff. A structured mentoring and precepting program appears to be key to all three of these issues and shows that while the schools prepare the nurses for the basics, mentoring programs are the most effective in the workplace. Without residency programs, there is a significant degree of turnover in the nursing staff, which leads to poor clinical are and burnout. A study by Bowles and Candela in 2005 reviewed involved the experiences of recent RN graduates in their first jobs (Bowles and Candela, 2005). The study was meant to determine new graduate perceptions of first jobs and why they left them, if they had. The results showed that 30% of new graduates left their positions within one year, and 57% had left their first positions within 2 years. Issues cited for leaving consisted of patient care problems, unsafe nurse to patient ratios, and stress associated with the acuity of the patients. Other significant issues (22%) noted a lack of support on the part of management, as well as a lack of guidance and a sensation of being given too much responsibility for patient care as compared to the nurseââ¬â¢s level of comfort and experience. This review showed that RNs in the first year of work tend to leave their first position at a much higher rate than RNs who are in second or subsequent positions. It would appear from this study that to improve RN retention one must consider the development of orientation and mentoring programs. This would improve work environments and reduce stress levels. There is a limited availability of preceptors. This often causes nurse interns multiple preceptor assignments that causes problem with educational continuity, follow through on assignments and progress assessments, as well as preceptor burnout. Smith and Chalker (2005) describe the issue from the nurse internsââ¬â¢ view where all active duty military nurses assigned to a military hospital between December 2000 and November 2003 were surveyed. A total sample of 216 nurse interns were surveyed regarding the nurse internââ¬â¢s perception of the preceptor continuity within the existing four-month nurse intern program. These nurses were also asked about differences in perception between clinical performance, role transition, job satisfaction and nursing retention issues among nurse interns who had the same preceptor throughout their 4-month internships as compared to those who did not. In this study, there appeared to be no difference reported in the clinical performance, role transitions and retention in nursing between nurse interns who had assigned clinical preceptors versus those who did not. Over 48% of those surveyed indicated that the presence of one or multiple preceptors had little to do with the nurseââ¬â¢s desire to stay within the nursing profession. It is important, however, to note that of those who were surveyed who were new graduates, of these respondents 85% felt that having the same preceptor was most beneficial. Some supporting comments included issues such as building a trusting bond with the preceptor, consistency and continuity, and confidence building. Another interesting study assessed the effectiveness of using a mentorship program not only to retain quality nurses, but also to actually recruit them to programs in the first place. In this study (Nelson and Godfrey, 2004) identified that the new graduate nurse population required special attention, quoting that one in every three nurses under the age of 30 planned to leave their current job within the year (Aiken, et. l. 2001). Understanding this effect of patient care continuity, Nelson and Godfrey set out to see if a nurse mentorship program designed to provide an intense experience for students to gain greater clinical skills, and work values that would lead to commitment to professional teams and hopefully job retention. This study included nursing students who were within 2 semesters of graduation from a local program in Florida. All candidates for the program were prescreened and required a completed application as well as two letter of reference before they would be accepted into the program. Students in this study worked with assigned preceptors for a minimum of 16 hours with each two-week period, mentoring one on one with an experienced RN. It is interesting to note that ten of the students are now graduated, and remain employed by the hospital at which they precepted. It is likely that the selection process weeded out those applicants who most likely would be in benefit of a preceptor program, perhaps the more clinically insecure RN or the one who is struggling with assimilating clinical decision making skills and the like. There was benefit to the students in that they all felt better prepared for entry into employment as an RN. The benefit to the hospital also cannot be denied. As noted in the study, savings related to RN retention continues to accrue. Using the assumption that the 62 graduate nurses who did not participate in the program had participated, and applying the hospitalââ¬â¢s 23% turnover rate applied to this hypothetical group, this would mean a net savings of 14 nurses (instead of the 29 they would have lost without the program, according to previous rates of turnover). Assuming that the cost of mentorship for each RN would be approximately $10,000, and then the savings would be around $150,000 to the hospital based on nurse retention alone. This study would seem to indicate that the nurse mentorship program not only improves nurse clinical skills and job satisfaction, but also can be of monetary savings to the hospitals themselves. While relatively few articles available on mentorship for graduate nurses exist, there are enough valid studies out there which all seem to indicate the importance of orientation programs not only to improve clinical care, but to decrease nursing staff turnover, preceptor burnout and decrease the financial burden such turnover costs to the healthcare system. How to cite The Changing Demographics of Nursing, Essay examples clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-17081818741750256172019-12-06T04:25:00.001-08:002019-12-06T04:25:04.532-08:00Summary Or Response free essay sample In the article, ââ¬Å"Is Facebook Making Us Lonely? â⬠by Stephen Marche we are informed of the negative effect social media can have on out psychological self. ââ¬Å"Social media ââ¬â from Facebook to twitter ââ¬â have made us more densely networked than ever. Yet for all this connectivity, new research suggests that we have never been lonelier. â⬠(Marche 60) What is loneliness? It is a psychological state. Marche stated many times that loneliness and being lonely are not the same thing. ââ¬Å"Solitude can be lovely. Crowded parties can be agony. â⬠(Marche 64) It was said that loneliness is at the middle of American society. We get together less, and when we do get together it does not mean as much as it once did. That bond just is not there anymore. If loneliness is becoming such a big problem in the world today, why are we spending countless hours and enormous amounts of money trying to achieve loneliness? ââ¬Å"Despite its deleterious effects on health, loneliness is one of the first things ordinary Americans spend their money achieving,â⬠Marche informed. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary Or Response or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Money moves us to the serenity of that quiet beach or the undisturbed house in the middle of nowhere. Loneliness is being invited into our live by our very own selves, even when such suffering and strain can result. Marche expressed, ââ¬Å"Loneliness is certainly not something that Facebook or twitter or any of the lesser forms of social media is doing to us. We are doing it to ourselves. â⬠An example used in the article was going to self checkout versus a normal check stand at a grocery store. Marche admitted to going to the self-checkout, only to avoid wait time and because it is more efficient. Marche isnââ¬â¢t trying to bring loneliness upon himself, he is only trying to ââ¬Å"Bypass the whole circus and just ring up the groceries myselfâ⬠(68) Studies had been done to see if online, social networking, users were more lonely than non-users. They came to the conclusion that the more you have face-to-face communication the less lonely you are. ââ¬Å"The danger with Facebook is not that it lets us isolate ourselves, but that it threatens to alter the very nature of solitude. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-73422888212734761832019-11-28T22:52:00.001-08:002019-11-28T22:52:05.607-08:00Descartes On God Essays - Ren Descartes, Rationalists, Descartes On God Upon cursory examination, one might assume that Rene Descartes is a"non-believer" in the existence of a heavenly being, a God that presides over humans and gives us faith. However, this is simply not the case ? Descartes is simply trying to destroy all of the uncertainties that have come about by the attempted scientific explanations of such a supreme being. For Rene Descartes and all of the other believers in the world, the existence of God provides a convenient answer to unexplained questions, while never providing answers to the questions about God himself. This is evidenced a great deal in the circular argument made by Descartes in the Meditations on First Philosophy. What follows is a brief account of the third and fifth meditations, which provide Descartes' response to the masked question, "What is God?" Can one perceive or confirm the existence of an idea that is external to him, an idea such as God? In order to determine the answer we must start by understanding the ways in which we can conclude an objects' existence. Descartes explains three ways in which a person might come to such a conclusion ? the first, through nature; the second, through feeling a value that is independent of the will of the object; and the third, the objective reality of an idea, or the "cause and effect profile." The third point is the one that we will primarily spend our time with. Descartes drills us with the idea that an object will have an effect when it stems from a legitimate cause, or an initial idea that precedes with equal or superior properties in one's intellect. In other words, the mind generates thoughts and ideas about a physical form, and develops a reality for this form, through previous schema and beliefs. "And although an idea may give rise to another idea, this regress cannot, nevertheless, be infinite; we must in the end reach a first idea, the cause of which is, as it were, the archetype in which all the reality that is found objectively in these ideas is contained formally." The only problem with Descartes' argument is when the existence of God arises as a notion, for there is no sustenance or idea for the notion of God to originate from. Is it possible, then, to create the idea of a finite being from an infinite existence, outside of the physical and mental, in a state all of it's own? Descartes quickly answers that the response would be that a finite being cannot completely, if at all, comprehend the ideas that would cause God to exist, and therefore the basis for doubt is lost in an intangible proof. Additionally, the mere fact that he believes that there is a God provides yet another piece of proof towards His existence. This must be true, according to Descartes, with the provision that the idea and belief must have been placed in his consciousness by an outside factor. The final factor that convinces Descartes that there is a God is the fact of his own existence, along with the fact that he, himself, is not a God. This belief stems from the theory that if a man is independent from all other existence and ideas about forms and matter, then he has the ability to become infinite. Descartes says that if he himself were the "author of his own being" and independent of all existence, then he would attain a Godly level of existence. Ultimately, it is his own dependence on another being that proves to him that there is a God. Many people are bred into religion, or borne into a set of ideas about a particular infinite being. The interesting problem with most types of faith in this manner is that the scripture that has been deemed to come from your god is also the proof that God exists. This is the type of circular definition that Descartes is trying to avoid at all costs. Basically, it's like using a word in it's own definition, or ?the definition of an apple is an apple.' The argument begins to get a little bit ambiguous when he begins discussing the uncertainty of his beliefs. He is, as he claims, as certain of the idea of the sun, the moon, the earth, even his own rational though, as he is certain of God's existence. The most troubling part of the entire section is the understanding of formal and objective reality. Remember his theory that existence is perfection. To understand clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-51353591016855390592019-11-25T06:27:00.001-08:002019-11-25T06:27:04.486-08:00Primarks Entry into the Brazilian MarketPrimarks Entry into the Brazilian Market Brief Synopsis of the Issue This proposal is informed by the expressed need for Primark, a British-owned, Irish clothing retailer, to enter into the Brazilian market as part of the firmââ¬â¢s internalisation orientation.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Primarkââ¬â¢s Entry into the Brazilian Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The strategic proactive decision to compete in the Brazilian market arises out of the firmââ¬â¢s deliberate policy to exploit foreign market potential and growth, diversify markets through opportunistic global market development, and follow customers abroad to entrench customer satisfaction (Agergaard 2010). Primark stands to gain competitively and strategically through the application of this market entry proposal to market its products in Brazil. Recommendations Primark should develop and implement a strong brand image to successfully compete with other established apparel s tores operating in Brazil, such as Zara and Mango; Primark should use the vast knowledge and experience gained in expanding its operations into markets considered as physically close (European markets) to successfully internationalise its operations in Brazil; Primark should consider establishing an apparel factory in Brazil to cut down on logistics costs involved in transporting products from far-away Asian countries into the Brazilian market; and Primark should enter into the Brazilian market by establishing a wholly owned subsidiary through the acquisition of already existing firms. Background Although Primarkââ¬â¢s main headquarters are in Dublin, Ireland, it is evident that the firmââ¬â¢s entry into other European markets (e.g., Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Netherlands and the United Kingdom) has successfully positioned it as a reputable seller of fashionable clothes at the low cost end of the market. In all these markets, the entry mode has always been through acquisitions or direct foreign investments. However, the Brazilian market presents new challenges that warrant comprehensive analysis, particularly in light of the marketââ¬â¢s geographic proximity, cultural and social issues in Brazil, as well as political and regulatory frameworks. Extant literature demonstrates that although Brazil has one of the largest commodity stocks and a high population with a quickly mounting purchasing power for consumer products and services, it nevertheless has a high tax regime and a bureaucracy that necessitates much patience on the part of firms wishing to enter the countryââ¬â¢s markets (Agergaard 2010). It is important to note that this is Primarkââ¬â¢s second attempt to enter international markets outside of the confines of the European Union after successfully entering the United States market, hence the need for careful analysis and evaluation.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The remainder of this market entry proposal is organised as follows: first, a concise analysis of market opportunities (country-level analysis) is provided. An analysis of Brazilââ¬â¢s attractiveness (risks, costs, benefits) is then provided, followed by a concise situation analysis of Primark using the SWOT analysis framework. In the following section, an analysis of the firmââ¬â¢s readiness to enter the Brazilian market is undertaken. Afterwards, issues of global sourcing, production and logistics are assessed, followed by a critical analysis of the firmââ¬â¢s market entry strategy, along with a discussion on the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed entry mode. In the final section, a step-by-step approach to the implementation of the proposed strategy is discussed, followed by an analysis of the benefits and potential barriers to successful implementation and evaluation of the market entry strategy. Analysis of Market Opportunities in Brazil (Country-Level Analysis) The choice of which country to enter is of immense importance to the internalising firm, and requires considerable deliberation and analysis on the market opportunities existing in the country and if such opportunities will lead to a firmââ¬â¢s competitive advantage (Douglas Craig 2011). A framework comprising four main areas, namely competitive intensity, customer dynamics, technological vulnerability and microeconomics (Cunill, Forteza, Gil-Lafuente 2013), is used to determine the type and magnitude of country-level market opportunities. The results of the analysis are as follows: Competitive intensity This dimension deals with the number of competitors in the country as well as their strengths and weaknesses (Cunill et al 2013).With a GDP of USD 1.574 trillion in 2009 (International Monetary Fund 2010), Brazil is one of the fastest growing economies in the world; however, the country is yet to attr act many global retailers in the apparel industry, hence the competitive intensity is low. Zara, Mango and the British street starwart CA are the early entrants into the Brazilian apparel industry, hence their brands may be popular in the country (Thomson, 2012). However, these retailers deal with the high-end consumer market, implying that Primark still has the capacity to successfully position itself as a reputable seller of fashionable clothes at the low cost end of the market.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Primarkââ¬â¢s Entry into the Brazilian Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Customer dynamics This dimension deals with unconstrained opportunity for customers, segment interaction, and rate of customer growth (Cunill et al 2013). The economic outlook of Brazil can be described as healthy, thus customers are likely to feel more confident in shopping for clothes beyond their basic necessities due t o their strong purchasing power. With the mounting economic fortunes, Brazil is expected to maintain a strong rate of customer growth and customers are likely to spend more money to satisfy particular lifestyles, needs and personalities (Lee 2014). Technical vulnerability This dimension deals with technology adoption as well as the impact of new technologies (Cunill et al 2013). Brazil is a leader in technology adoption and use in South America (Agergaard 2010), hence it is expected that the costs for technology adoption and use will be low. Macroeconomics This dimension deals with the market size and profitability of the market in a particular market (Cunill et al 2013). In light of the fact that Brazil is by far the most populous country in South America and the tenth largest economy in the world by GDP analysis (Agergaard 2010), it is estimated that there is a huge market for the apparel industry and an equally profitable market due to high consumer purchasing power and low entry of foreign apparel retailers into the Brazilian market. Country Attractiveness (Risks, Costs, Benefits) Brazil is a politically stable and democratic country with a diverse climatic environment that is favourable for the sale of a multiplicity of clothing designs, ranging from bikinis to cold wear. Brazil is not in danger of any political or military upheaval which may shift the countryââ¬â¢s economic rules and regulations overnight, implying that political and economic risks in the country are low and favourable for investing. However, the cost of doing business in Brazil is high due to a burdensome tax regime and bureaucratic red tape (Agergaard 2010).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The benefits of internalising into the Brazilian market include (1) a huge market size for clothes, (2) a customer base with high purchasing power due to the favourable economic outlook, (4) well established infrastructural and technological expertise, and (5) minimal entry of foreign-based apparel retailers into the Brazilian market (International Monetary Fund 2010; Thomson, 2012). Company Situation Analysis (Firm-Level Analysis) Primarkââ¬â¢s situation analysis demonstrates that its present business strategy of offering value and low prices is working to provide the firm with a strong financial position due to the attainment of high sales volumes coupled with lower retail margins (Primark n.d.). A strong financial position is critical in the internalisation process (Ekeledo Sivakumar 2004; Chiao et al 2010). The firmââ¬â¢s prices and costs remain competitive in line with its business model; however, it needs to develop and implement strategies aimed at not only maintaining a strong competitive position but also addressing several strategic issues facing the company, such as the maintenance of low cost, supply chain challenges in product sourcing, and high competition from quality competitors like Peacock and Matalan (Ross Harradine 2010). The SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) framework is used to undertake Primarkââ¬â¢s situation analysis, with results indicated as follows: Strengths Primarkââ¬â¢s strengths include a strong market presence (almost 200 stores across Ireland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Netherlands, Germany, Belgium and Portugal), strong financial base witnessed by its high annual turnover, customer loyalty due to unique product offerings, employee participation, innovative clothing lines, and strong commitment to ethical operations and effective governance (Ross Harradine 2010). The firmââ¬â¢s strong financial base, innovative clothing lines and customer loyalty are critical to the successful entry into th e Brazilian market. Weaknesses The weaknesses of Primark include brand imitation by companies offering similar products, lack of a strong brand image and recognition, and lack of advertising due to the low-cost business model (Rowley 2009). The competitive intensity and customer dynamics in Brazil demands that Primark develops a strong brand image to successfully compete with other established apparel stores such as Zara and Mango. Opportunities The firmââ¬â¢s opportunities lie in diversifying its products, increasing its market size, and increasing the use of technology to reach more customers in diversified geographic markets (Rowley 2009). Increasing market share is one of the driving forces of a firmââ¬â¢s internalisation strategy (Ahsan Musteen 2011), hence Primark is bound to gain from its entry into the Brazilian market as customers in the country have a high purchasing power and are likely to spend more to satisfy particular lifestyles (Agergaard 2010). Threats Primar kââ¬â¢s threats include strong competition, presence of cheaper apparel stores, rapid and constant shifts in fashion, as well as lack of consumer spending power in some of its European markets (Ross Harradine 2010). While Primark may have to develop strategies aimed at effectively competing with other international and local apparel stores in Brazil, it will nevertheless benefit immensely from the high spending power of Brazilian customers. Readiness to go Overseas From the analysis, it is evident that Primark is ready to enter into the Brazilian market, particularly in light of its strong financial base, customer loyalty, unique product offerings in diversified markets, and propensity to increase market size. The firm has a strong presence in several countries across Europe, implying that it has the necessary experiential knowledge needed in internalising its operations in distant countries such as Brazil. This is in line with the Upsalla Model of Internationalisation, which po stulates that ââ¬Å"firms develop their activities abroad over time and in an incremental fashion, based on their knowledge developmentâ⬠(Whitelock 2002, p. 342). Primark has already expanded its operations to markets considered as physically close to its headquarters in Dublin, implying that it can use the knowledge developed to expand into markets considered as distant. Global Sourcing, Production Logistics The firm will continue to source clothes from low-cost countries such as India, China, Bangladesh and Turkey, while aligning its sourcing strategy with its business strategy of providing customers with ethically sourced garments (Primark n.d.). Owing to the vast natural resources found in Brazil, including cotton and silk, Primark should also consider establishing a comprehensive supply chain with local suppliers for cheap raw materials. Such an arrangement would require the firm to construct its own factory in Brazil, an endeavour that may be costly in the short-term d ue to the high tax regime and bureaucratic red tape (Agergaard 2010). However, Primark stands to benefit in the long-term due to reduced costs of transporting products by air and sea from far-away source countries in Asia into the Brazilian market. The company should continue to employ lean production and efficient operational practices with the view to realising its objective of satisfying the low end market spectrum with high quality fashion products (Ross Harradine 2010). Market Entry Strategy International market entry scholarship demonstrates the existence of several entry modes which are basically divided into two categorisations, namely equity and nonequity entry modes. Equity entry modes include joint ventures and wholly owned subsidiaries (e.g., Greenfield investments, whereas nonequity entry modes are basically exports and contractual agreements that include licensing, franchising, turnkey projects, as well as RD contracts (Ekeledo Sivakumar 2004; Murray, Ju, Gao 2012). The recommended entry mode choice for Primark into the Brazilian market is by establishing a wholly owned subsidiary through the acquisition of already existing firms. Primark is presently in a strong financial position due to the attainment of high sales volumes in its foreign operations mostly in Europe (Ross Harradine 2010). The firm should use this strength to commit adequate resources to undertake a direct establishment in the Brazilian market. Another justification is based on the fact that the firm has developed adequate knowledge in conducting acquisitions in European markets and should therefore use this knowledge to establish a wholly owned subsidiary in Brazil. The strengths of the proposed entry mode include (1) capacity to enable the parent company take control of the supply chain of established subsidiaries through vertical integration, (2) capacity to diversify and manage risk, and (3) opportunity for Primark to negotiate better tax terms with the Brazilian governme nt (Chiao et al 2010). However, wholly owned subsidiaries may actually result in more taxes due to the employment of separate business entities, not mentioning that diversification can cause the parent company to lose focus on what it does best (Chiao et al 2010). Implementation of Market Entry Strategy, Benefits Barriers The steps to be used in implementing the proposed market entry strategy include: developing and implementing an acquisition strategy in line with the firmââ¬â¢s low cost business strategy, identify suitable targets in Brazil based on the firmââ¬â¢s strategy, begin discussions with potential targets, arrange for a business valuation of the preferred target, secure the needed financing to acquire the target, conduct due diligence, negotiate, structure, and close the deal, plan and implement a post-acquisition strategy (Whitelock Rees 2003). Lastly, the benefits to successful implementation of the proposed market entry strategy for Primark include increase i n sales revenues, increase in customer base due to the firmââ¬â¢s low price strategy, high returns to the firmââ¬â¢s shareholders, and ability to communicate and fully control the enterprise (Ahsan Musteen 2011; Cunill et al 2013). However, barriers may present in terms of experiencing challenges in repatriating earnings, exposure to high risks due to great commitment in capital and managerial effort, as well as cultural challenges in the host country. Reference List Agergaard, MB 2010, How to ensure a successful entrance to the Brazilian market: With a focus on Danish production companies, http://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/files/32310771/HowtoensureasuccessfulentrancetotheBrazilianmarket.pdf. Ahsan, M Musteen, M 2011, ââ¬ËMultinational enterprisesââ¬â¢ entry mode strategies and uncertainty: A review and extensionââ¬â¢, International Journal of Management Reviews, vol. 13 no. 4, pp. 376-392. Chiao, YC, Lo, FY Yu, CM 2010, ââ¬ËChoosing between wholly-owned subsid iaries and joint ventures of MNCs from an emerging marketââ¬â¢, International Marketing Review, vol. 27 no. 3, pp. 338-365. Cunill, OM, Forteza, CM Gil-Lafuente, AM 2013, ââ¬ËChoice of entry mode into a foreign market: The case of Balearic hotel chains in the Caribbean regionââ¬â¢, Kybernetes, vol. 42 no. 5, pp. 800-814. Douglas, SP Craig, S 2011, ââ¬ËThe role of context in assessing international marketing opportunitiesââ¬â¢, International Marketing Review, vol. 28 no. 2, pp. 150-162. Ekeledo, I Sivakumar, K 2004, ââ¬ËInternational market entry mode strategies of manufacturing firms and service firms: A resource-based perspectiveââ¬â¢, International Marketing Review, vol. 21 no. 1, pp. 68-101. International Monetary Fund 2010, World economic outlook database, imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2007ey=2010scsm=1ssd=1sort=countryds=.br=1c=223s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLPgrp=0a=pr.x=83pr.y=18. Lee, K 2014, What customer dynam ics affect clothing companies, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/customer-dynamics-affect-clothing-companies-34339.html . Murray, JY, Ju, M Gao, Y 2012, ââ¬ËForeign market entry timing revisited: Trade-off between market share performance and firm survivalââ¬â¢, Journal of International Marketing, vol. 20 no. 3, pp. 50-64. Primark n.d., http://download.businesscasestudies.co.uk/retrieve_primark_15_cHJpbWFyay9jYXNlLXN0dWRpZXMvMTUvZnVsbC5wZGZ8fEFmZkFuZHk=. Ross, J Harradine, R 2010, ââ¬ËValue brands: Cheap or trendy?: An investigation into young consumers and supermarket clothingââ¬â¢, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol. 14 no. 3, pp. 350-366. Rowley, J 2009, ââ¬ËOnline branding strategies for UK fashion retailersââ¬â¢, Internet Research, vol. 19 no. 3, pp. 348-369. Thomson, R 2012, Analysis: Why have so few retailers entered Brazil, retail-week.com/analysis-why-have-so-few-retailers-entered-brazil/5040089.article. Whitelock, J 2002, ââ¬ËTheories of i nternalisation and their impact on market entryââ¬â¢, International Marketing Review, vol. 19 no. 4, pp. 342-347. Whitelock, J Rees, M 2003, ââ¬ËTrends in margins, acquisitions, and joint ventures in the single European marketââ¬â¢, European Business Review, vol. 93 no. 4, pp. 118-129. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-33436129340480129062019-11-21T13:51:00.001-08:002019-11-21T13:51:02.978-08:00None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4None - Essay Example We decided to focus our attention on Pumkinââ¬â¢ Chunkinââ¬â¢ where helped festivalgoers in making of scarecrows. Jordan facilitated the group spot the project, playing a very pivotal royal as the group leader. Later on, Ashley served the group in seeing the objectives of the group were achieved. The goals never ambiguous, we knew what we were supposed to do at every stage of the teamââ¬â¢s activity. Despite Faisalââ¬â¢s personality being a reserved one, teamwork prevailed with every member clearly focused on the activities we were to engage with and made appropriate contributions. Meeting together to brainstorm made us reflect on the goals of the group, an aspect that helped the group to keep evaluating the goals we focused to accomplish. The specificity of the goals made it easier to achieve them. At all instances the group worked to avoid confusion and ambiguity. Our goals were measurable and quite realistic. The group achieved the goal of coming up with two ideas for the service project. Jordan presented the idea of having our service project at Pumkinââ¬â¢ Chunkinââ¬â¢, this was the idea that came up for the team and members unanimously embraced the idea. Further, the meetings were held as scheduled, members never felt overwhelmed. An analysis of the service was seen to be an idea that could be accomplished within the given period. All members were actively engaged in the activities of the group. At no point did we go overboard, we did exactly what we could afford. This was in an effort to be as realistic as possible. We not only kept encouraging each other but also realistically expressed individual weaknesses that every person was obliged to work on. This helped us keep focused on our goals more as the group bonding was more evident. The timing of our group activities was well executed. Our focus to finish was to finish the service project before the second week of October, sure enough, the timing was achieved and the team was glad to h ave finalised the step. This was a product of proper planning and commitment by individual members. The service project also presented an opportunity to engage in the making of scarecrows together. An aspect that made us utilise our every moment diligently. It was also evident that the goals we set were all attainable. We never went overboard to engage in extremely tasking activities that would overwhelm us, but we chose to engage in mild but consistent activities. Engaging in making scarecrows for party goers present the best opportunity for us to interact with each other as well interact with other people. This not only made us to learn much about each other but also made us enhance our social space. Through the service period, Ashley led us in the best way possible despite not having elected her formally to be in charge of us. As a team engaging in similar and an interesting activity, synergy was evident. We never found the difficulty in doing the scarecrows, having the meetings and the discussions. Our simple weaknesses were being complemented by each other. The teamwork and the encouragement we had kept us going. The synergy was evident in the way we kept assisting each other in making scarecrows. Section 3: Conclusons Working in a team presents diversity of thought and character that is signification in enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in executing an activity. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-17578933833424107152019-11-20T14:26:00.001-08:002019-11-20T14:26:07.740-08:00Teacher evaluation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 wordsTeacher evaluation - Term Paper Example The discussion includes specific examples from two districts, namely, the Midwest School District and South Central Texas School District. The final section provides some recommendations that will help educators design a better evaluation system for the 21st century. The incongruity of teacher evaluation is that it has the capability to significantly contribute to the growth and improvement of every teacher, but in reality it helps only a very few people. The capability of teacher evaluation is widely known. Almost all states mandate standard evaluation in compliance to the law and validate such mandates, partly, based on the obligation of teachers to improve. Most districts have collective bargaining contracts or rules specifying evaluation processes. In fact, numerous of the major educational reforms in the United States (e.g. career ranking, performance incentive/merit pay, etc.) are rooted in the belief that strong, effective evaluation processes can be formulated. Even so, in truth, teacher evaluations performed in most schools are short, inconsistent, formal procedures requiring several instances of classroom inspection every year at least accompanied by the accomplishment of a compulsory evaluation document, which is approved by all involved entities and then stacked away to oblivion. When this takes place, state law provisions and requirements of the collective bargaining contract have been satisfied, but in reality nothing valuable is accomplished for the teachers, schools, students, or community (Marsh, 2009). This essay, on the first part, discusses the history, trends, and effectiveness of teacher evaluation in the United States. The second part discusses the similarities and differences between two distinct district teacher evaluation. And the third part spells out the features of an ââ¬Ëidealââ¬â¢ teacher evaluation in the 21st century. Teacher evaluation originated from the evaluative role of the clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-49620961637261574052019-11-18T11:14:00.001-08:002019-11-18T11:14:03.416-08:00Personal Behavior Towards the Negotiation Process EssayPersonal Behavior Towards the Negotiation Process - Essay Example I am a person who enjoyed negotiating. I am actually challenged every time I am in the midst of a negotiation with a person whose ideas or wants are contrary to mine. Attempting to persuade others to my point of view makes me more knowledgeable, skillful, and fulfilled, especially if the outcome is favorable to my position. I do not believe that a perfect negotiator exists because every situation involves different people, objectives, or issues. However, most of the time, I prefer the half way or the safest side of the process because I always value future relationships, and I do not want to lose everything I have. In other words, it is fine with me if I win or lose some, as long as the person I am negotiating with is winning or losing some at the same time (or moderate satisfaction). I love to bargain and get an ideal outcome, but honestly this is not an easy job because steps are not predetermined, and I have to rely on my own instinct and understanding. My Self-Assessment as a Neg otiator In terms of self-assessment, I could say that I am using a compromising negotiation style, or I am in between the competing and collaborating style every time I negotiate. Furthermore, this style ââ¬Å"refers to behaviors at an intermediate level of cooperation and assertivenessâ⬠(Hellriegel & Slocum, 2007, p. 303). ... ays focus on details about the negotiation such as the name of the people I am negotiating with, their background, time constraints, proposals, bargaining terms, and many more. I am also very particular with events by giving my full attention to the situation; in fact, I hate the feeling of being ignored by other parties or when the opposing negotiator is changing the issue without giving his or her full attention to the matter. Hence, I consider myself as a responsible and a well-organized negotiator. Furthermore, I am a negotiator who does not give up too easily or hold out too long because I always organize a plan or set of alternatives for me to use as a counter balance during stagnant bargaining. However, I know my limitation or when to give up, and make a compromise if it is necessary. By the time the opposing negotiator has showed me some facts, evidences, or an extreme bargaining position, I know I have no other choice, but to make tradeoffs. The concessions I always make are those on the middle ground (usually moderately) or acceptable to both parties, so that the process will move forward. My Negotiating Skills I am effective in persuading others because I always put my heart and my mind to any negotiation I encounter. I also make sure that corresponding rules and policies are being followed or observed during the process. As a negotiator, I always practice when to listen and when to react, and I organize my thoughts, so that I could not say something that could annoy other parties. I make sure that I am well-prepared on what to say and what to do in every situation I might encounter by preparing or having a deep understanding of the bargaining agreement. Also, I am confident that I could persuade other people towards my point of view because I have very clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-88716138003322181602019-11-15T23:46:00.001-08:002019-11-15T23:46:15.251-08:00Ecotourism For Development In South AfricaEcotourism For Development In South Africa The South African government, along with many other governments of developing nations, has recognized the potential economic benefits of tourism. These include job creation, inflow of foreign exchange, and increased gross domestic product (Kaplan 2004: 219). The countrys government has also made ecotourism a priority, updating infrastructure to support the industry (Van Amerom 2006: 115). If it does so with sustainability in mind, South Africa could use tourism to capitalize on the benefits of tourism and successfully boost their development in the long-term. My family and I got to experience South Africas growing ecotourism industry when we moved there six years ago. My memories of living and traveling there sparked my interest in tourisms potential to reduce poverty. This paper will specifically focus on how South Africa could use the growing branch of ecotourism to increase employment and economic growth in some of the countrys poorest areas, which happen to be rich in ecotourism potential. South Africa has the power to use ecotourism in a way that benefits the countrys poor and simultaneously promotes environmental conservation to produce a sustainable profit-generating industry. Before I examine how South Africa could use ecotourism as a means of development, it is important to recognize the massive increase in tourism that the nation and the continent have witnessed in the last ten years, especially since the dismantling of apartheid. The growth in tourism has been truly enormous and is demonstrated by UN World Tourism Organizations statistics. According to the WTO (2010), the continent of Africa saw a total of 46 million international tourists in 2009 (8). 28.1 million of these tourists went to Sub-Saharan Africa, up from 6.4 million back in 1990 (WTO 2010: 4). This figure displays the significant growth that has occurred in the region in just nearly a decade. What is most critical is that, in the past ten years, Sub-Saharan Africa has seen an average 6.3% annual rate of increase in the number of tourists arriving in the region (WTO 2010: 4). This steady rate of growth in the area is promising for South Africas future and its potential to benefit from tour ism and advance development. It is also important to note that South Africa is a major player in Africas tourism, capturing 15.4% of all of the 46 million international arrivals in 2009 (WTO 2010: 9). While is not known what percentage of tourists visiting South Africa are purely there as ecotourists, ecotourism is unquestionably a growing industry and has been credited for some of the growth of tourism on the African continent (Van Amerom 2006: 112). This is why I am going to critically examine how such tourism and ecotourism industry growth can help South Africa to develop. The very nature of ecotourism makes it valuable to examine as a potential means of advancing development in South Africa. The South African government defines ecotourism as environmentally and socially responsible travel to natural or near natural areas that promotes conservation, has low visitor impact and provides for beneficially active socio-economic involvement of local people (White Papers 1996 :Definitions). The fact that ecotourism is based in the environment, is supposed to be environmentally and culturally educational, and is environmentally sustainable (Ayotte 2009: 14) means that it can work in South Africa and for the countrys overall development. South Africa is a country that is well predisposed to take advantage of ecotourism (Van Amerom 2006: 115) because it has basic tourism infrastructure coupled with the fact that it is rich in history, culture and environmental treasures- all things that ecotourists seek to experience. These assets give South Africa an advantage over many other countries in the tourism industry, which gives it comparative advantage in the world tourism market. Furthermore, since ecotourism is nature and culture based, South Africans will be capable of and inclined to preserve these treasures that generate revenue. Ayotte points out that, because of its sustainability, ecotourism is an alternative to traditional resource dependent industries which deplete finite resources (2009:2). One such example is the mining industry, which not only depletes limited resources but has also experienced massive job losses (Binns and Nel 2002: 236). Unlike the mining industry, tourism can be sustainable, as in the case of a local community being inclined to want to preserve a certain traditional ceremony of theirs that tourists will pay to experience. Instead of losing this aspect of their culture in any way, they will have the chance to profit off of it and preserve it for future profit. Profits support development of these host communities , especially in poorer rural communities, which ecotourism has the potential to extend to. Again, South Africa is in a superior position to take advantage of ecotourists because of the resources it has. What is more, tourism promotion is considered an inexpensive way to promote economic growth (Binns and Nel 2002:236). These factors make ecotourism a good industry for long-term sustainable profit and sequentially long-term development. Since the fall of apartheid in 1994, South Africa has been in a good position to take advantage of ecotourism for economic development. Since then, Western governments have been eager to provide support politically and economically for the country that it had previously held sanctions against for decades (Van Amerom 2006 :116). Such sanctions were certainly an economic hindrance to development in the country. The international community embraced South Africa after apartheid ended, and the country was allowed to host the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 as well as the Soccer World Cup in 2010. This international attention has boosted the marketing of tourism attractions (Van Amerom 2006: 116) The international attention that south Africa has received does not seem to be going anywhere. President Zuma recently boasted that he has already acquired ninety-five meetings and conferences between 2010 and 2016 (Visas to promote tourism 2011) for the country, which surely adds momentum to its positive international standing. The country is therefore in a position to take advantage of its good image and all of the attention it has gotten. With all of that being said, The West still holds a considerable amount of influence over tourism to the country. Unfavorable media coverage or travel advisories could affect the future of South Africas tourism industry negatively (Van Amerom 2006: 117). That is why South Africa should continue to pursue its positive international image and simultaneously work to promote ecotourism, a form of tourism that also has a positive image. One development issue which South Africa faces that can be alleviated with ecotourism is unemployment. The number of unemployed plus those too discouraged to seek work is currently close to 30% (The Economist 2011: 54). That is why the South African government is presently focusing on creating jobs and reducing unemployment. President Jacob Zuma gave an address to the nation on February10th where he declared that he wants to boost tourism because every sixteen tourists create one job (Visas to promote tourism 2011). Regardless of how precise this statistic is, tourists do create jobs, and South Africa needs jobs. Therefore, the country should do all it can to promote tourism which alleviates joblessness and consequently promotes development. Kaplan elaborates that in addition, tourism typically employs a high proportion of women (Kaplan 2004: 219). Ecotourism as an industry that is capable of spreading around profits and benefits which promote development for more people. Along with providing jobs for women, ecotourism is able to spread development benefits to the poorer rural areas of South Africa, making it a beneficial aid to countrys overall development. These communities often hold unique cultural traditions or are located near natural treasures that are appealing to ecotourists. Ecotourism would bring profit and thus development to rural regions of the country that are excluded from the economic benefits of mass tourism, for instance in Cape Town or Johannesburg. This is what makes ecotourism superior to mass tourism. Binns and Nel explain that the government is anxious to ensure that the benefits [of tourism] are felt in all parts of the country (2002: 236). Ecotourism can do this. Binns and Nel highlight an example of a town called Still Bay, which experienced economic collapse after its fishing industry failed. The area consequently faced a disastrous 85% unemployment rate (2002: 240). The town desperately needed to diversify its economy and create jobs so they began to market themselves as a tourist destination, calling the town The Bay of Sleeping Beauty (Binns and Nel 2002: 241). The leaders of the community also coordinated to build the Jagersbosch Community Care Centre, which managed funds to promote development. The Bay of Sleeping Beauty tourism campaign was remarkably successful because the town is located along The Garden Route, an already popular tourism area. Still Bay was also blessed with incredible natural beauty as well as archaeological heritage sites, whale watching, and an annual town festival. All of these factors helped lower the unemployment rate to almost 0% (Binns and Nel 2002: 242). Binns and Nel examine this case study to prove what a success ecotourism can be for a community, even though it may not work 100% of the time. There are still many areas in South Africa which could benefit from ecotourism and experience a success story similar to Still Bays. Ecotourism as a means of development has its criticisms but these can be alleviated with skills development. One such criticism is that most companies involved in ecotourism have their headquarters in the north, and a large proportion of profits are repatriated (Wall 1997: 488). While this is true, skills development can change this because it can promote entrepreneurship. Fortunately for South Africa, they have already established much of the hardware of the tourism industry such as the necessary airport and road infrastructure. Entrepreneurship gives people in marginalized communities a chance to create products and services which, in their sale, can benefit the whole community. For ecotourism to be truly successful at reducing unemployment and promoting development, South Africa must insure that it puts in place the industrys software of a skilled local workforce (Kaplan 2004: 217). The country urgently needs better skills development for local people, which will not only enhance its competitiveness in the tourism industry but is central to the countrys development as a whole (Kaplan 2004: 217). Skills development and thus the employment of local people will reduce leakage of profits to internationally hired employees. This is because now more and more local people can be hired, sometimes even at a lower cost. Kaplan also highlights the issue of inequality of who is employed in what positions in the tourism industry. Unfortunately, the more significant managerial roles are usually occupied by white males while black South Africans, particularly women, do the unskilled jobs (2004:222). This issue, which is largely rooted in the countrys ugly history of apartheid, can be alleviated with skills development initiatives. Ultimately, a lack of skills undermines the industry and will cripple its positive effect on development in the nation (Kaplan 2004: 225). Therefore , the South African government should invest as much into this software as much as is does in the hardware of the tourism industry to make it sustainable and beneficial to the countrys most underprivileged citizens. One such criticism of ecotourism is that it is merely a marketing-gimmick that people buy into (Wall 1997: 487) and is therefore not superior to mass tourism and will not benefit development. While this would be unfortunate, I think that because one of the fundamental principles that ecotourism is rooted in cultural and environmental education, this cynical critique is sufficiently refuted. With the growth of the industry and as more and more people are exposed to and become educated about ecotourism, people will demand an honest and superior product in comparison to mass tourism. The south African government also has the ability to make sure that ecotourism doesnt become a mere gimmick by enacting laws that restrict the usage of the term ecotourism in marketing unless it meets their definition laid out in The White Papers. Another criticism or paradox of ecotourism that seems to discount its potential as a means of development is that countries who aggressively promote it actually run the risk of killing the industry because large influxes of tourists can easily damage the fragile environments they visit. Fortunately, the South African government can single-handedly prevent this from happening to South Africas special treasures. The government can impose caps and limits on the number of people who visit certain areas and what they are allowed to do in those areas. I know from personal experience that these types of restrictions exist in vulnerable environments in South Africas neighboring country, Botswana. Though caps and limits may seem to limit economic growth in the short term, they are critical for long-term benefits of the ecotourism industry. Fundamentally, the South African government has control over ecotourism and how it is carried out in the country. In order for it to be successful, they mu st help to insure that South Africas resources are not exploited to the point that they no longer exist. As the statistics from the World Tourism Organization demonstrated at the beginning of my paper, tourism in Africa is growing rapidly. More and more people visit the continent each year, even through this current economic recession. But the fact that tourism is inevitable does not dispel all criticisms of it and it does not mean that people should not try to assess its effects. This fact actually makes tourism more important than ever to scrutinize and critique because the industry that has a large impact on economies around the world. We need to understand this force that is tourism and how it can be used as a force for good in development. This paper has argued that ecotourism is a superior form of tourism because it is sustainable, can stimulate the economies of sidelined communities by creating jobs, and can improve South Africas overall development situation. Ecotourism is an industry that South Africa can uniquely take advantage of. For these reasons, ecotourism is a critical i ndustry to examine as a potential method of development. When paired with other development initiatives, ecotourism can be part of a comprehensive development plan for South Africa. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4332277819416480925.post-46130309414517591212019-11-13T12:17:00.001-08:002019-11-13T12:17:03.495-08:00Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel Essay -- Exploratory Essays ResearcIn the study of a scientist's life, it is important to recognize several key elements. Scientific contributions are of utmost importance. Following mention of those, it is then possible to look at his or her life, family, and religion as well. However, for Albert Einstein, these elements must all be looked at collectively. Einstein will no doubt go down in history as a great theoretical physicist. His work is compared in importance to that of scientists such as Galileo Galilei, Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton. Some would even say that his contributions to science were greater. However, it is impossible to paint a complete picture of Einstein without examining his life, his religion, and his personality. His science was his life, and his religion gave him insights as to how to approach science. By observing his innate curiosity, desire for simplicity and elegance, humble outlook, and desire to seek answers, we can see what elements reached the center of his being . Though Einstein was one of the greatest contributors to physical science of our times, he was by no means the most brilliant theorist or experimenter. Competent specialists within the field of physics could have better accomplished some of his mathematical deductions. In fact, he needed the assistance of a friend, mathematician Marcel Grossman, to wield the tools necessary to develop his general theory of relativity. Einstein shined brightest within a theoretical context, but, despite the fact that his relativistic theories were most revolutionary, the study of quantum mechanics made a larger impact on the way physics is studied today. What, then, set Einstein apart? Curiosity was the key factor. As Einstein said, "I have no special gift - I am o... ...manner of man he was. Albert Einstein's lifelong quest was to seek the answers to questions his curiosity posed. His religious inspirations and intuitive nature helped set him apart from other scientists, and aided him in finding the solutions he sought. He was just as unique a man, possessing a world view many have come to respect. In short, Einstein was a man who was much greater than the sum of his equations. It is in this light that he will be forever remembered. It is also because of this truth that Einstein is considered one of the most revolutionary men of our time. Works Cited Duxbury, Philip. "Physics concepts, physics careers" lecture notes. East Lansing, 1996. Hawking, Stephen. A Brief History of Time. New York: Bantam, 1988. Hoffmann, Banesh (with Helen Dukas as collaborator). Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel. New York: Viking, 1972. clubansuidehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05984507413619996678noreply@blogger.com0